Table 1.
In vivo studies evaluating the efficacy of various natural products in relieving the symptoms of xerostomia.
| Natural Product/Compound | Product Form | Study on | Outcome/Results | Year of Publication | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apigenin | Apigenin powder | 24 female ICR mice (6-week-old, 30 ± 2 g) | Apigenin treatment increased the salivary secretion index and decreased water consumption in mice. Dose: 50 mg/kg/day, dissolved in 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose sodium. |
2022 | [2] |
| Ixeris dentata (Thunb.) Nakai [Asteraceae] (IXD) | IXD ethanolic extract | 40 Sprague-Dawley male rats | Diabetic rats treated with IXD showed lower saliva and blood glucose concentrations, improved total body weight, and higher expression of salivary α-amylase. Dose: 100 mg/kg body weight ethanolic extract. |
2018 | [38] |
| Ixeris dentata (Thunb.) Nakai [Asteraceae] (IXD) | IXD methanolic suspended in H2O | 85 Sprague-Dawley adult male rats | In ageing rats, the administration of IXD extract at a dosage of 100 mg/kg led to a significant increase in total saliva compared to younger rats under the same treatment conditions. | 2018 | [39] |
| Lycium barbarum L. polysaccharide (LBP) | LBP powder (>95% purity) | 32 female non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice (7-week-old, 18 ± 2 g) | Low-dose LBP improves the salivary flow rates and alleviates inflammation in submandibular glands (SMGs), positively impacting primary Sjögren’s syndrome disease progression in NOD mice. Dose: 5 and 10 mg kg−1 d−1 |
2021 | [40] |