Table 1.

Mechanisms impacting measles CFR with related hypothesized indicators.

Mechanisms	Indicators
Health system access and care-seeking behaviors	Educational attainment Percent living in urban settings Surrounding conflict Time to care seeking Travel time to major city or settlement Travel time to nearest health care facility
Health system quality	Access to intensive care unit Health expenditure per capita Level of health care available Under-five mortality rate
Measles control and epidemiology	First-dose coverage of measles-containing vaccine (MCV1) Maternal antibody dynamics Maternal measles vaccination coverage Second-dose coverage of measles-containing vaccine (MCV2) Vaccine coverage equity Vaccination efficacy Vaccination schedule Vitamin A treatment
Nutritional status	Stunting prevalence Underweight prevalence Vitamin A deficiency prevalence Vitamin A supplementation Wasting prevalence
Risk of secondary infection	Ambient air pollution Antibiotic use for measles-related pneumonia Average household size De-worming frequency Diarrheal disease prevalence HIV prevalence HIV treatment/antiretroviral therapy (ART) prevalence Malaria prevalence Lower respiratory infection prevalence Oral rehydration solution for measles-related diarrhea Pneumococcal conjugate vaccination coverage Population density Pre-term birth prevalence Total fertility rate