Table 2.

Available evidence of relationship between indicators and measles CFR.

Published Literature Includes Randomized Controlled Trial with Significant Relationship	Published Literature Supports Significant Observational Association	Published Literature Supports Qualitative Association	Published Literature with Non-Significant Evidence	No Evidence Found in Published Literature
Vitamin A treatment	Average household size Educational attainment First-dose coverage of measles-containing vaccine (MCV1) Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence Second-dose coverage of measles-containing vaccine (MCV2) Stunting prevalence Surrounding conflict Travel time to major city or settlement Travel time to nearest health care facility Under-five mortality rate Underweight prevalence Vitamin A deficiency prevalence General malnutrition (surrogate for wasting prevalence)	Level of health care available	Antibiotic use for measles-related pneumonia Malaria prevalence Percent living in urban settings Pneumococcal conjugate vaccination coverage Vitamin A supplementation	Access to intensive care unit Ambient air pollution De-worming frequency Diarrheal disease prevalence Health expenditure per capita Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment/antiretroviral therapy (ART) prevalence Lower respiratory infection prevalence Maternal antibody dynamics Maternal measles vaccination coverage Oral rehydration solution for measles-related diarrhea Population density Pre-term birth prevalence * Time to care seeking Total fertility rate Vaccine coverage equity Vaccination efficacy Vaccination schedule

Results from the literature review are summarized per indicator into one of five categories describing the level of evidence available from the published literature. * Evidence was found for an association but excluded for only having one study with significant evidence which had a small sample size across the entire body of evidence for this indicator.