Table 4.

Collected references for the different extraction methods and the identification of the main components in C. sativus L. tepals.

Extraction Method	Pre-Status	Main Compounds	Reference	Ref. N°.
acidified methanol 80%, sonicated for 30 min in ice bath	frozen	flavonol glycosides and anthocianis	Orlando et al., 2022	[24]
Subcritical water	dried	phenolic compounds	Ahmadian-Kouchaksaraie et al., 2016	[27]
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide	dried	phenolic compounds, anthocyanins, flavonoids	Ahmadian-Kouchaksaraie et al., 2017	[28]
(a) hot water, (b) ohmic heating assisted extraction, (c) ultrasound assisted extraction, (d) microwave assisted extraction	dried	kaempferol derivatives and anthocyanins	Hashemi Gahruiea et al., 2020	[29]
(a) water/HCl 100:1 at 40 °C by stirring for 1h. (b) water/ACN/TFA (47:50:3). (c) water/ACN/HCl (50:50:1). (d) water/ethanol/HCl (50:50:1). (e) water/acetone/HCl (50:50:1)	frozen	kaempferol 3-O-sophoroside, kaempferol 3-O-glucoside, kaempferol, delphinidin 3,5-O-diglucoside, petunidin 3,5-O-diglucoside	Serrano-Diaz et al., 2014	[30]
(a) diethyl ether, (b) ethyl acetate, (c) aqueous	-	kaempferol, quercetin, naringenin, flavanone and flavanol derivatives glycosylated and esterified with phenylpropanoic acids.	Termentzi et al., 2008	[31]
methanol	-	flavonoids, glycosidic derivatives of quercetin and kaempferol	Montoro et al., 2008	[33]
dichloromethane, methanol, acetonitrile, diethyl ether, n-hexane and ethyl acetate	vacuum freeze drying	glycosilated forms of kaempferol, isorhamnetin, quercetin, glycolilated forms of anthocyanins	Goupy et al., 2013	[38]
ethanol	fresh	kinsenoside, goodyeroside, 3-hydroxy-γ-butyrolactone, kaempferol 3-O-sophoroside	Righi et al., 2015	[39]
methanol/HCL 9:1	dried	kaempferol 3-O-sophoroside-7-O-glucoside, quercetin 3,4′-di-O-glucoside, delphinidin 3,5-di-O-β-glucoside, petunidin 3,5-di-O-β-glucoside, delphinidin 3-O-β-glucoside, petunidin 3-O-β-glucoside kaempferol 3,7′-di-O-glucoside,	Cusano et al., 2018	[41]
methanol/water 1:1 with ultrasonication	dried	astragalin, 1-monopalmitin, kaempferol-3,7-di-O-β-d-glucoside	Xu et al., 2019	[43]
ethanol/water 1:1 with ultrasonication	dired	kaempferol-3-O-sophoroside, quercetin-3-O-sophoroside, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside;	Mottaghipisheh et al., 2020	[44]
deionised water; deionized water:methanol (80:20 v/v); deionised water:methanol (50:50 v/v); deionised water:methanol (20:80 v/v). assisted extraction	fresh	hyperoside, rutin, ellagic acid, epicatechin, flavonols	Caser et al., 2020	[45]
Pressurized-Liquid Extraction	freeze dried	kaempferol 3-O-sophoroside, kaempferol 3-O-sophoroside 7-O-glucoside, quercetin 3-O-sophoroside, kaempferol 3-O-glucoside,. Delphinidin 3,5-di-O-glucoside, delphinidin 3-O-glucoside, petunidin 3,5-di-O-glucoside, delphinidin 3,5-di-O-glucoside	Pappas et al., 2021	[46]
Deep eutectic solvent (lactate and glycine)	dried	kaempferol 3-O-sophoroside 7-O-glucoside, quercetin 3-O-sophoroside, kaepferol 3-O-sophoroside, kaempferol 3-O-glucoside, delphinidin 3,5-di-O-glucoside, petunidin 3,5-di-O-glucoside, delphinidin 3-O-glucoside	Lakka et al., 2009	[47]
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction, using different water and methanol ratios like 20%, 50%, and 80%		ferulic acid (cinnamic acid); ellagic acid; hyperoside, isoquercitrin, quercitrin, rutin, epicatechin (catechin), vitamin C	Stelluti et al., 2021	[48]
ultrasound assisted extractio of 4.5 g with 20 mL ethanol at 70 °C for 20 min	dried	kaempferol 3-O-glucoside, isorhamnetin 3-O-glucoside, kaempferol 3,7,4′-O-triglucoside, delphinidin 3,5-di-O-glucoside, myricetin-di-glucoside, primflasine	Gigliobianco et al., 2021	[49]
80/20 ethanol/water for 24 H	dried	kaempferol-3-O-sophoroside, quercetin and isorhamnetin glucosides.	Ouahhoud et al., 2022	[50]
methanol/MTBE 1:1	freeze dried	several compounds divided into chemical classes	Bellachioma et al., 2022	[51]
water/HCl (100:1 v/v)	dried	delphinidin 3,5-di-O-β-glucoside, petunidin 3,5-di-O-β-glucoside, delphinidin 3-O-β-glucoside, malvidin 3,5-di-O-β-glucoside and petunidin 3-O-β-glucoside	Moratalla-López et al., 2017	[67]
ethanol/HCl (85:15 v/v)	freeze dried	Pelargonidin 3-glycosides,Pelargonidin 3,5-glycosides, Petunidin, 3,5 Cyanidin-diglycosides, Delphinidin 3-glycosides	Lofti et al., 2015	[68]
1 g extracted with 13 mL acetonitrile/water 1:1 containing 3.0% trifluoroacetic acid	freeze dried	several compounds divided into chemical classes	Nørbæk 2002	[37]
50 g extracted with acetonitrile/water 1:1 containing 0.5% trifluoroacetic acid	freeze dried	delphinidin 3-glucoside-5-(6-malonyl)glucoside, delphinidin 3,7-diglucosides, petunidin 3,7-diglucosides, delphinidin 3,5-diglucosides, petunidin 3,5-diglucosides	Nørbæk 1999	[72]