Figure 5.

An illustrated guide to the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of miRNAs and methods for delivering miRNA therapeutics. MiRNAs can be extracted from circulating miRNAs, circulating tumor cells, primary tumor cells, and tumor lung tissue and analyzed for their expression patterns. These miRNA profiles can then be used to develop non-invasive diagnostic tools for cancer detection and monitoring and to guide personalized treatment strategies. The delivery methods include lipid-based nanoparticles, viral vectors, exosomes, aptamers, peptide-based delivery, and electroporation. Each method has its own advantages and limitations, and the choice of delivery method depends on factors such as the type of miRNA therapeutic and the target tissue.