Table 3.
Factors associated with hesitancy of regular COVID-19 vaccination in multivariate logistic regression.
| Factors | OR | 95% CI | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographics | ||||
| Gender | Male | Reference | ||
| Female | 1.50 | 1.02–2.20 | 0.040 | |
| Age | ≥65 | Reference | ||
| 45–64 | 2.53 | 1.23–5.18 | 0.011 | |
| 18–44 | 2.68 | 1.24–5.79 | 0.012 | |
| Education level | Primary or below | Reference | ||
| Secondary | 1.41 | 0.70–2.82 | 0.332 | |
| College or above | 1.56 | 0.72–3.37 | 0.258 | |
| Employment | Unemployed | Reference | ||
| Employed | 0.84 | 0.55–1.29 | 0.424 | |
| Health conditions | ||||
| Perceived health status | Good | Reference | ||
| Fair/bad | 1.78 | 1.17–2.73 | 0.008 | |
| Chronic illness | No | Reference | ||
| Yes | 1.21 | 0.73–2.01 | 0.468 | |
| Experiences | ||||
| COVID-19 vaccination doses | 0.39 | 0.27–0.57 | <0.001 | |
| COVID-19 vaccination side effects | None | Reference | ||
| Mild to moderate | 1.07 | 0.72–1.59 | 0.748 | |
| Moderate to severe | 1.63 | 0.40–6.59 | 0.492 | |
| SARS-CoV-2 infection | No | Reference | ||
| Yes | 0.69 | 0.43–1.10 | 0.118 | |
| Flu vaccination | No | Reference | ||
| Yes | 0.76 | 0.52–1.12 | 0.171 | |
| Attitudes | ||||
| Vaccine confidence | 0.89 | 0.82–0.96 | 0.003 | |
| Better ways for prevention than vaccines | 1.18 | 1.00–1.40 | 0.048 | |
| Perceived knowledge sufficiency | 1.05 | 0.82–1.34 | 0.704 | |
| Perceived severity of infection | 0.78 | 0.63–0.97 | 0.026 | |
| Vaccine availability in health centers | 0.76 | 0.60–0.96 | 0.023 | |
| Trust in pharmaceutical companies | 0.62 | 0.49–0.79 | <0.001 | |
| Trust in government | 0–33 | Reference | ||
| 34–67 | 0.53 | 0.29–0.96 | 0.035 | |
| 68–100 | 0.44 | 0.23–0.84 | 0.013 | |
| Follow government advice | Personal choice | Reference | ||
| Civic duty | 0.66 | 0.45–0.98 | 0.040 | |
| Attitude toward a new vaccine | First to get | Reference | ||
| Wait and see | 1.28 | 0.59–2.78 | 0.536 | |
| Refuse | 1.86 | 0.46–7.53 | 0.385 | |