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. 2023 Aug 16;28(16):6085. doi: 10.3390/molecules28166085

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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(A) Ocular detection and treatment using the photothermal/fluorescent/photoacoustic imaging capabilities of the FDA-approved contrast agent ICG [29]. (B) Oxygen-carrying capacity of perfluorooctane bromide enhances aPDT treatment with PA/FL imaging lead-in [30]. (C) Liposome-encapsulated ultra-bright fluorophores display 38.7 times brighter NIR-II than free ICG and last up to 30 min for cerebrovascular imaging [32]. (D) ICG, DOX, and conjugated gadolinium chelates are released synergistically as a result of photothermal stimulation of thermosensitive liposomal phase transition [33]. (E) ICG transmits energy to activate Ce6, which then consumes oxygen and creates a hypoxic state that triggers the anticancer medication TPZ action [34]. (F) Novel nanoparticles consisting of thermosensitive liposomes, ICG and CuS NPs [35].