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. 2023 Jul 27;16(8):1065. doi: 10.3390/ph16081065

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Linagliptin lowers hippocampal amyloid beta 42 (Aβ42; (A)) and phosphorylated tau (p-tau; (B)) in cadmium-intoxicated rats. N = 6 in each group (mean ± standard error of the mean). A p-value of less than 0.05 was significant. * p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001, or **** p < 0.0001, compared to control; # p < 0.05, compared to cadmium (Tukey’s test for multi-comparisons and one-way ANOVA). Cd, cadmium chloride; LIN, linagliptin.