Table 1.

Methods of extraction of Prunella vulgaris.

Method	Plant Part	Solvent	Liquid/Solid Ratio	Temperature, °C	Time	References
Reflux	Aerial part	DI water	-	100	2 h	[19]
Reflux	Herb	DI water	-	70	5 h	[24]
Reflux	Herb	70% ethanol	2:19	-	1 h	[27]
Reflux	Herb	95% ethanol	-	60	4 h	[28]
Stirring	Seed	Methanol	3 × 10 mL methanol g−1	-	30 min	[22]
Stirring	Herb	Methanol Hexane Ethyl acetate	9:1	Room temperature	48 h	[29]
Maceration	Leaves, stems, flowers	Methanol DI water	2:1	Room temperature	16 h 24 h	[21]
Maceration	Aerial part	80% methanol	-	Room tempersture	-	[25]
Maceration	Whole plant	Hexane Cloroform Butanol	-	-	-	[26]
Infusing	Leaves of herbal tea	DI water	1:1	80	15 min	[23]
Supercritical fluid extraction	Flowers and dried fruit spikes	-		30	2 h	[30]
Ultrasonic	Leaf, spike inflorescence	DI water 70% methanol	10:1	60	1 h	[20]
Ultrasonic	Herb	from 20 to 60%	from 10:1 to 50:1	From 40 to 80	From 10 to 50	[35]
Deep eutectic solvent extraction	Water-deep eutectic solvent		15 mL·g−1	83	42 min	[38]