Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of small intestinal cancer cases and non-cases in EPIC (n = 450,107)
| Variable | Small intestinal cancer cases | Non-cases | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 160) | (n = 449,947) | |||
| Men (n = 66) | Women (n = 94) | Men (n = 131,356) | Women (n = 318,591) | |
| Age at recruitment, yearsa | 58.4 (7.56) | 53.9 (8.27) | 52.2 (9.89) | 50.7 (9.66) |
| Education, n (%)b | ||||
| None/primary school | 26 (39.4) | 32 (34.4) | 41,938 (32.2) | 84,618 (27.0) |
| Technical/professional school | 15 (22.7) | 22 (23.7) | 32,641 (25.1) | 71,101 (22.7) |
| Secondary school | 8 (12.1) | 16 (17.2) | 17,441 (13.4) | 76,445 (24.4) |
| University degree | 17 (25.8) | 22 (23.7) | 35,506 (27.3) | 73,386 (23.4) |
| Smoking status, n (%)b | ||||
| Never | 18 (27.3) | 45 (47.9) | 44,191 (33.6) | 175,038 (54.9) |
| Former | 27 (40.9) | 22 (23.4) | 48,252 (36.7) | 74,378 (23.3) |
| Current | 20 (30.3) | 25 (26.6) | 37,531 (28.6) | 62,137 (19.5) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2)a | 27.1 (3.74) | 24.5 (4.45) | 26.4 (3.62) | 24.8 (4.32) |
| Waist circumference, cma | 97.9 (10.8) | 80.0 (11.1) | 94.3 (10.1) | 79.6 (11.2) |
| Height, cma | 176.8 (7.56) | 163.4 (5.95) | 175.1 (7.24) | 162.6 (6.58) |
| Cambridge physical activity index, n (%)b | ||||
| Inactive | 13 (19.7) | 26 (27.7) | 23,061 (17.6) | 64,930 (20.4) |
| Moderately inactive | 23 (34.8) | 30 (31.9) | 40,622 (30.9) | 109,265 (34.3) |
| Moderately active | 16 (24.2) | 20 (21.3) | 31,662 (24.1) | 88,500 (27.8) |
| Active | 13 (19.7) | 18 (19.1) | 32,939 (25.1) | 50,145 (15.7) |
| Alcohol | ||||
| Alcohol (g/day)a | 21.6 (23.3) | 8.5 (12.6) | 20.5 (22.9) | 8.1 (11.7) |
| Never drinkers, n (%) | 1 (1.5) | 3 (3.2) | 1248 (1.0) | 22,053 (6.9) |
| Dietary variables | ||||
| Fibre (g/1000 kcal)a | 9.6 (2.5) | 11.8 (3.7) | 10.3 (3.0) | 11.7 (3.3) |
| Fat (g/1000 kcal)a | 38.3 (7.0) | 38.1 (6.8) | 38.0 (6.5) | 38.6 (6.5) |
| Red meat (g/1000 kcal)a | 25.1 (17.0) | 20.2 (14.9) | 22.6 (16.7) | 19.5 (15.7) |
| Processed meat (g/1000 kcal)a | 18.7 (13.5) | 13.4 (11.5) | 18.4 (14.5) | 14.9 (12.4) |
| Dairy (g/1000 kcal)a | 158.7 (102.0) | 182.6 (103.8) | 146.6 (109.8) | 172.6 (111.9) |
| Vegetables (g/1000 kcal)a | 60.0 (40.9) | 101.2 (88.0) | 73.1 (53.2) | 110.8 (70.3) |
| Calcium (mg/day)a | 1072 (388) | 1009 (355) | 1041 (430) | 977 (402) |
| Folate (microgram/day)a | 310 (105) | 298 (132) | 315 (116) | 303 (122) |
| Energy (kcal/day)a | 2506 (658) | 2040 (554) | 2417 (662) | 1936 (541) |
aReported as mean and standard deviation
bNumbers do not add up to 100% due to missing data