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. 2023 Aug 14;17:1247104. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1247104

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Copyright © 2023 Cruciani, Mancuso, Sveva, Maccarrone, Todisco, Motolese, Santoro, Pilato, Spampinato, Rocchi, Di Lazzaro and Capone.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Schematic representation of the effect on MEP of different neuromodulatory techniques. The left panel depicts baseline MEPs, which are either increased (upper right panel) or decreased (lower right panel) in amplitude by the NIBS protocols indicated. tDCS, transcranial direct current stimulation; cTBS, continuous theta-burst stimulation; iTBS, intermittent theta-burst stimulation; HF-rTMS, high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation; LF-rTMS, low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.