Table 1.
Semaphorin functions and diseases.
| Semaphorins | Functions | Associated diseases |
|---|---|---|
| Sema3A | Migration of DC to lymphatics | Sepsis |
| Human T cell proliferation | Allergy | |
| SLE | ||
| Sema3C and Sema3F | Promote human DC migration | |
| Sema3E | Migration of maturing thymocytes | Sepsis |
| Chemoattractant for macrophages | Colitis | |
| NK-cell migration | Allergic asthma | |
| Reduce eosinophilic inflammation, serum IgE, IgG1, and Th2/Th17 cytokines in allergic asthma | Chlamyial infection | |
| Enhance Th1/Th17 response and reduce Treg response to chlamydial infection | Leishmania major infection | |
| Induce co-stimulatory molecules and production of IL-12 on DC | ||
| Sema4A | T cell differentiation and T cell priming | Asthma |
| Treg stability | Cancer | |
| Co-stimulatory molecule for T-cell activation | Rheumatoid arthritis | |
| Promotes macrophage migration | EAE | |
| MS | ||
| Sema4B | Inhibits IL-4 and IL-6 production in basophils | Lung adenocarcinoma |
| Increase infiltration of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and T-regs | ||
| Sema4C | B cell polarization and function | Allergic asthma |
| Inhibits IgE, eosinophils, and Th2 cytokine | ||
| Sema4D | Promotes B cell activation by shutting off CD72 inhibitory signals | HIV |
| Induce expression of co-stimulatory molecules and IL-12 cytokine production of DC | Endodontic infection | |
| Negative regulator of the neutrophil activation | Asthma | |
| EAE | ||
| MS | ||
| Sema5A | Increase endothelial cell proliferation | Gastric cancer |
| Inhibits cell migration and invasion of glioma cells | Pancreatic cancer | |
| Stimulates T cell and NK cell proliferation Promotes the production of Th1/Th17 cytokines | Rheumatoid Arthritis | |
| Primary immune thrombocytopenia | ||
| Chronic spontaneous urticaria | ||
| Sema6D | Induce IL-12 production and upregulate MHC class II expression in dendritic cells | EAE |
| Regulates T cell activation | Allergic lung inflammation | |
| Maintain IL-10 producing ILC2s | Colitis | |
| Polarization of macrophage into an anti-inflammatory state | ||
| Migration of DC into lymphatics | ||
| Sema7A | Promotes differentiation of CD4+ T cells into Th1 and Th17 subclasses | LPS-induced lung injury |
| Stimulator of monocytes | Rheumatoid Arthritis | |
| Induces neutrophil migration | Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis | |
| Promotes dendrite formation and migration of DC | West Nile virus (WNV) infection | |
| Breast cancer |