Fig. 4.

Overview of GSSV occurred in NOL3. (A) A 297-bp INS located in a human-chimpanzee-specific CRE (blue region) in which the nearest human–chimpanzee-specific gene is NOL3. The left plot shows the difference of H3K27ac signal in OP region among human, chimpanzee, and rhesus monkey; the right plot shows the MUMmer plot of the 297-bp INS between great apes and gibbon; and bottom plot shows multiple sequence alignments of representative primate species. (B) The comparisons of normalized read count of H3K27ac signal of CRE (left) and expression (right) of NOL3. NS, not significant; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01. (C) TF enrichment of CREs. The CREs with human-chimpanzee-specific TF binding sites are denoted in red scatters, and two ZNF460 binding sites are labeled, which have the highest FIMO score and located in SV region (gray region). (D) Summary of brain-related genes with human–chimp-specific CREs and overlapped to identified GSSVs.