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. 2023 Aug 14;11:1187253. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1187253

FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 3

Effect of Gpr18 agonist on inflammation in dystrophic mice. (A) Schematic showing the treatment of mdx mice with weekly injections of PSB-KD107 (1 mg/kg) or vehicle for 3 weeks (image created with biorender.com). (B) Representative immunofluorescence for the pan-macrophage marker (F4/80, red), the anti-inflammatory macrophage marker (CD206, green), and DAPI (nuclei, blue). White arrowheads indicate pro-inflammatory macrophages (F4/80+CD206-) and white arrows show anti-inflammatory macrophages (F4/80+CD206+). Scale bars = 50 μm. (C) Quantification of the total number of macrophages, and (D) the proportion of anti-inflammatory macrophages (F4/80+CD206+ cells/total F4/80+ cells) in PSB-KD107 and vehicle-treated (Ctrl) mice. (E) Representative immunofluorescence for the neutrophil marker Ly6G (red) and DAPI (nuclei, blue). (F) Quantification of the neutrophil count in PSB-KD107 and vehicle-treated (Ctrl) mice. Scale bars = 50 μm. (G) qPCR showing the expression of pro-inflammatory genes (CD80, Gpr18, Ptgs2) and anti-inflammatory gene (Anxa1) in skeletal muscle of mdx mice treated with PSB-KD107 or vehicle. N = 3. Results shown as mean+/- SEM. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 (Unpaired t-test).