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Gut microbial metabolites and components that could drive the progression of NAFLD/NASH and HCC. Red arrows indicate the progression of diseases. Blue arrows indicate the alleviation of diseases, as shown. Abbreviations: AhR, Aryl hydrocarbon receptor; DCA, deoxycholic acid; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; LTA, lipoteichoic acid; SCFA, short-chain fatty acid.
