Table 2.

Criteria defining dependence and addiction [84]

Dependence	Addiction
- The need for a substance in order function, e.g., also the use of insulin or anti-hypertensives - Physiologic adaptation to taking certain substances over a prolonged period of time - Withdrawal symptoms present - Generally more common	- Continued use of a substance, loss of control and strong craving despite negative consequences such as high risks compared to benefits or even harm caused by its use - Persistent epigenetic changes even after long-term abstinence - Presence or absence withdrawal symptoms