Table 4.
Baseline characteristics of the sample of bladder cancer patients (complete population and cohort with VTE/AT)
| Parameter | Subparameter | n = 197 | n = 18 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | Male | 79.2% (n = 156) | 77.8% (n = 14) |
| Female | 20.8% (n = 41) | 22.2% (n = 4) | |
| BMI | < 18.5 kg/m2 | 2.6% (n = 5) | 5.6% (n = 1) |
| 18.5–24.9 kg/m2 | 32.1% (n = 63) | 22.2% (n = 4) | |
| 25–29.9 kg/m2 | 40.3% (n = 79) | 38.9% (n = 7) | |
| > 30 kg/m2 | 25% (n = 49) | 33.3% (n = 6) | |
| Smoking | Never smoked | 25% (n = 49) | 11.1% (n = 2) |
| Active smoker | 21.7% (n = 43) | 33.3% (n = 6) | |
| Former smoker | 53.3% (n = 105) | 55.6% (n = 10) | |
| Medical history unrelated to current bladder cancer | HTA | 50.8% (n = 100) | 33.3% (n = 6) |
| DM | 17.3% (n = 34) | 16.7% (n = 3) | |
| DLP | 37.1% (n = 73) | 27.8% (n = 5) | |
| Thrombophilia | 0.5% (n = 1) | 5.6% (n = 1) | |
| Acute myocardial infarction | 5.6% (n = 11) | 0% (n = 0) | |
| Chronic CV disease | 15.7% (n = 31) | 11.1% (n = 2) | |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 6.1% (n = 12) | 16.7% (n = 3) | |
| COPD | 13.2% (n = 26) | 27.8% (n = 5) | |
| Autoimmune disease | 8.1% (n = 16) | 5.6% (n = 1) | |
| Liver disease | 3.6% (n = 7) | 0% (n = 0) | |
| CKD | 9.7% (n = 19) | 0% (n = 0) | |
| CVD | 3% (n = 6) | 0% (n = 0) | |
| Other previous malignancies | 15.2% (n = 30) | 11.1% (n = 2) | |
|
VTE/AT (Diagnosed at least 30 days prior to the detection of bladder cancer) |
4.1% (n = 8) | 11.1% (n = 2) | |
|
VTE/AT (Diagnosed between cancer diagnosis and ICI initiation) |
13.2% (n = 26) | 33.3% (n = 6) | |
| Concomitant hormonal therapy | 1% (n = 2) | 0% (n = 0) | |
| Concomitant EPO | 2% (n = 4) | 0% (n = 0) | |
| PICC or port-a-cath carrier | 12.7% (n = 25) | 16.7% (n = 3) | |
| Tumor stage at ICI initiation | Stage I-III | 0.5% (n = 1) | 0% (n = 0) |
| Stage IV | 99.49% (n = 196) | 100% (n = 18) | |
| Histology | Urothelial | 82.2% (n = 162) | 88.9% (n = 16) |
| Non-urothelial | 17.8% (n = 35) | 11.1% (n = 2) | |
| PDL1 | Undetermined/ Unknown | 89.8% (n = 176) | 88.9% (n = 16) |
| < 1% | 5.1% (n = 10) | 5.6% (n = 1) | |
| 1– 50% | 3.1% (n = 6) | 5.6% (n = 1) | |
| > 50% | 2% (n = 4) | 0% (n = 0) | |
| ECOG at ICI initiation | 0 | 28.9% (n = 57) | 22.2% (n = 4) |
| 1 | 62.9% (n = 124) | 72.2% (n = 13) | |
| 2 | 8.1% (n = 16) | 5.6% (n = 1) | |
| Treatment modality in which ICI was used | First-line metastatic disease | 25.9% (n = 51) | 33.3% (n = 6) |
| Second-line metastatic disease | 65% (n = 128) | 50% (n = 9) | |
| Third or subsequent line metastatic disease | 0.5% (n = 1) | 16.7% (n = 3) | |
| Neoadjuvant | 17.5% (n = 51) | 0% (n = 0) | |
| Treatment regimen | Atezolizumab in monotherapy | 86.3% (n = 170) | 77.8% (n = 14) |
| Pembrolizumab in monotherapy | 11.2% (n = 22) | 22.2% (n = 4) | |
| Others | 2.5% (n = 5) | 0% (n = 0) |
AT arterial thrombosis, CKD chronic kidney disease, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CV cardiovascular disease, CVD cerebrovascular disease, DLP dyslipidemia, DM diabetes mellitus, EPO erythropoietin, HTA arterial hypertension, ICI immune checkpoint inhibitors, PICC peripherally inserted central catheter, VTE venous thromboembolism