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. 2023 Aug 15;17:1238349. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1238349

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Copyright © 2023 Frare, Pitt and Hewett.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Acoustic startle reactivity and percent prepulse inhibition. Male (A,B) or Female (C,D) SLC7A11^+/+ (+ / + , n = 13M:14F, black) and SLC7A11^sut/sut (sut/sut, n = 15M:10F, blue) littermates were tested at 2 (young) and at 6 months (adult). ASR and PPI are graphed as mean ± SEM. Data were analyzed within each age group by two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s multiple comparisons test. Sex Differences: Female mice have an overall lower startle reactivity when compared to age- and genotype-matched male mice [young: F₍₁,₁₂₅₎ = 10.16, p = 0.0018 for sex for +/+ ; F₍₁,₁₁₅₎ = 20.86, p < 0.0001 for sex for sut/sut; adult: F₍₁,₁₃₀₎ = 9.820, p = 0.0021 for sex for +/+ ; F₍₁,₁₁₅₎ = 24.44, p < 0.0001 for sex for sut/sut]. No within genotype sex differences were found in PPI. (A) Mean startle reactivity is higher in sut/sut male mice, regardless of age, as compared to +/+ male mice when the prepulse delivered is below 15dB. Young: F₍₄, ₁₃₀₎ = 6.424, p = 0.0124, genotype; F₍₄, ₁₃₀₎ = 44.94, p < 0.0001, prepulse; F₍₄, ₁₃₀₎ = 1.633, p = 0.1698, interaction. Adult: F₍₄, ₁₃₅₎ = 7.680, p = 0.0064, genotype; F₍₄, ₁₃₅₎ = 45.86, p < 0.0001, prepulse; F₍₄, ₁₃₅₎ = 1.118, p = 0.3506, interaction. This difference is significant at the 6 dB prepulse *(p = 0.0267 for young; p = 0. 0253 for adult). (B) PPI significantly increased with prepulse intensity regardless of genotype in male mice: Young: F₍₃,₁₀₈₎ = 19.33, p < 0.0001, prepulse; F₍₃,₁₀₈₎ = 0.0033, p = 0.9543, genotype; F₍₁, ₁₀₈₎ = 1.672 p = 0.1772, interaction. Adult: F₍₃,₁₀₈₎ = 20.86, p < 0.0001, prepulse; F₍₁,₁₀₈₎ = 0.0404, p = 0.8412, genotype; F₍₃, ₁₀₈₎ = 1.685 p = 0.1745, interaction]. Young vs adult: +/+ : F₍₁, ₅₂₎ = 0.3196, p = 0.5743 for age; sut/sut: F₍₁, ₅₆₎ = 3.583, p = 0.0636 for age. (C) Mean startle reactivity did not differ between genotype at either age tested in female mice: Young: F₍₄, ₁₁₀₎ = 0.8425, p = 0.3607, genotype; F₍₄, ₁₁₀₎ = 21.91, p < 0.0001, prepulse; F₍₄, ₁₁₀₎ = 0.1343, p = 0.9694, interaction. Adult: F₍₁,₁₁₀₎ = 0.3995, p = 0.5286, genotype; F₍₄, ₁₁₀₎ = 22.05, p < 0.0001, prepulse; F₍₄, ₁₁₀₎ = 0.0856, p = 0.9867, interaction. (D) PPI significantly increased with prepulse intensity regardless of genotype in female mice: Young: F₍₃,₈₈₎ = 12.46, p < 0.0001, prepulse; F₍₁,₈₈) = 2.432, p = 0.1225, genotype; F₍₃, ₈₈₎ = 0.0568, p = 0.9821, interaction. Adult: F₍₃,₈₈₎ = 8.638, p < 0.0001, prepulse; F₍₁,₈₈₎ = 0.4111, p = 0.5231, genotype; F₍₃, ₈₈₎ = 0.3264, p = 0.8063, interaction. Young vs adult: +/+ : F₍₁, ₅₂₎ = 3.705, p = 0.0597 for age; sut/sut: F₍₁, ₃₆₎ = 1.268, p = 0.2676 for age.