Table. Results of Multivariable Negative Binomial Regression Models of Suicide Mortality Rates from 2006-2020.
| Variable | Veteran cohort | Total US adult population | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. at-risk, person-years | MRR (95% CI) | P value | No. at-risk, person-years | MRR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Person-years | 19 608 706 | NA | NA | 3 053 028 440 | NA | NA |
| No. of suicide deaths | 8262 | NA | NA | 562 411 | NA | NA |
| Year | ||||||
| 2006 (Reference) | 364 409 | NA | NA | 181 793 257 | NA | NA |
| 2007 | 616 509 | 1.40 (0.82-2.50) | .23 | 186 438 575 | 1.06 (0.96-1.18) | .26 |
| 2008 | 801 077 | 3.20 (1.98-5.45) | <.001 | 186 207 075 | 1.07 (0.97-1.19) | .18 |
| 2009 | 958 834 | 5.07 (3.19-8.53) | <.001 | 190 963 583 | 1.09 (0.98-1.21) | .11 |
| 2010 | 1 102 419 | 5.35 (3.38-8.97) | <.001 | 193 315 599 | 1.10 (0.99-1.22) | .07 |
| 2011 | 1 231 097 | 6.33 (4.02-10.59) | <.001 | 197 124 128 | 1.11 (1.00-1.23) | .05 |
| 2012 | 1 344 633 | 7.03 (4.48-11.68) | <.001 | 202 428 644 | 1.13 (1.02-1.25) | .02 |
| 2013 | 1 438 512 | 7.41 (4.73-12.30) | <.001 | 204 120 327 | 1.12 (1.01-1.23) | .03 |
| 2014 | 1 521 265 | 7.14 (4.56-11.94) | <.001 | 206 532 317 | 1.16 (1.05-1.28) | .004 |
| 2015 | 1 597 595 | 8.87 (5.67-14.66) | <.001 | 209 300 879 | 1.19 (1.08-1.32) | <.001 |
| 2016 | 1 657 575 | 8.91 (5.70-14.82) | <.001 | 214 019 833 | 1.23 (1.11-1.36) | <.001 |
| 2017 | 1 709 974 | 8.88 (5.68-14.73) | <.001 | 218 627 485 | 1.26 (1.14-1.39) | <.001 |
| 2018 | 1 749 882 | 10.10 (6.45-16.69) | <.001 | 221 403 762 | 1.32 (1.19-1.45) | <.001 |
| 2019 | 1 760 166 | 10.30 (6.60-17.12) | <.001 | 221 915 412 | 1.33 (1.20-1.46) | <.001 |
| 2020 | 1 754 759 | 11.70 (7.48-19.39) | <.001 | 218 837 564 | 1.31 (1.18-1.45) | <.001 |
| Age, y | ||||||
| 18-24 (Reference) | 4 100 163 | NA | NA | 411 064 409 | NA | NA |
| 25-34 | 9 146 972 | 1.33 (1.22-1.46) | <.001 | 567 098 256 | 1.03 (0.97-1.08) | .35 |
| 35-44 | 3 726 530 | 1.36 (1.23-1.51) | <.001 | 536 349 401 | 1.01 (0.96-1.07) | .66 |
| 45-54 | 1 885 434 | 1.13 (1.00-1.27) | .04 | 565 603 316 | 1.06 (1.00-1.13) | .03 |
| 55-64 | 619 646 | 0.76 (0.64-0.91) | .003 | 492 847 635 | 0.98 (0.92-1.04) | .47 |
| ≥65 | 129 961 | 0.42 (0.27-0.62) | <.001 | 480 065 423 | 0.90 (0.84-0.97) | .004 |
| Sex | ||||||
| Female (Reference) | 2 725 789 | NA | NA | 1 405 623 809 | NA | NA |
| Male | 16882917 | 2.22 (2.02-2.46) | <.001 | 1 647 404 631 | 3.27 (3.15-3.40) | <.001 |
| Race and ethnicity | ||||||
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 354 516 | 0.95 (0.80-1.13) | .58 | 3 962 823 | 2.15 (1.97-2.34) | <.001 |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 875 687 | 1.07 (0.96-1.20) | .23 | 84 147 194 | 0.49 (0.46-0.52) | <.001 |
| Black non-Hispanic | 3 054 549 | 0.65 (0.60-0.71) | <.001 | 270 774 365 | 0.44 (0.42-0.46) | <.001 |
| Hispanic | 2 101 895 | 0.63 (0.57-0.70) | <.001 | 362 293 068 | 0.45 (0.43-0.47) | <.001 |
| White non-Hispanic (Reference) | 12 968 618 | NA | NA | 2 331 850 990 | NA | NA |
| Unknown | 253 441 | 0.98 (0.79-1.19) | .82 | NA | NA | NA |
| Deployment history status | ||||||
| Deployed | 14 463 270 | 0.80 (0.75-0.85) | <.001 | NA | NA | NA |
| Not deployed (Reference) | 5 145 436 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| TBI exposure | ||||||
| TBI | 4 682 062 | 1.56 (1.46-1.67) | <.001 | NA | NA | NA |
| No TBI (Reference) | 14 926 644 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Abbreviations: MRR, mortality rate ratio; NA, not applicable; TBI, traumatic brain injury.