Table 1.
Mechanisms of TAMs mediated resistance to EGFR-TKIs.
| Mechanisms | References |
|---|---|
| Activating bypass pathways | |
| AKT/mTOR pathway | 34 |
| AKT, ERK1/2 and STAT3 pathways | 17, 59 |
| LncRNA-MSTRG.292666.16/miR-6836-5p/MAPK8IP3 pathway | 35 |
| NF-κB/RELB pathway | 36 |
| Suppressing T cells | |
| NOS and PD-L1 pathways | 91 |
| M2-like polarization | |
| Lipid metabolism pathways | 103 |
| STAT3/IL-4 pathway | 107 |
| LncRNA SOX2-OT/miR-627-3p/Smads pathway | 114 |
| Modulating tumor cell phenotypes | |
| Stabilizing tumor cell phenotype | 115 |
| Promoting the EMT | 129, 130 |
TAM, tumor-associated macrophage; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; RELB, v-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog B; NOS: nitric oxide synthase; PD-L1, programmed cell death 1 ligand 1; LncRNA SOX2-OT, long non-coding RNA SOX2 overlapping transcript; EMT, epithelial-mesenchymal transition.