Table 2.
Strategies for improving resistance to EGFR-TKIs by targeting TAMs.
| Strategies | Up/Down | Targets | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dictamnine | Down | PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK pathways | 43 |
| Torin2 | Down | AKT/mTOR pathway | 44 |
| Temsirolimus | Down | mTOR | 45 |
| BEZ235 | Down | PI3K/mTOR pathway | 46, 49, 52 |
| Active fraction (HS7) from Taiwanofungus camphoratus | Down | AKT-mTOR, ERK and STAT3 pathways | 47 |
| Everolimus | Down | mTOR | 45,48, 55 |
| Ku-0063794 | Down | mTOR | 50 |
| Ferumoxytol and CpG oligodeoxynucleotide 2395 | Down | EGFR and AKT/mTOR pathways | 51 |
| T0901317 and GW3965 | Down | AKT | 62 |
| Bufalin | Down | MET/PI3K/AKT Pathway | 63 |
| Chloroquine | Down | AKT | 64 |
| Norcantharidin | Down | MET/PI3K/AKT Pathway | 65 |
| MiR-30a-5p | Down | PI3K/AKT Pathway | 66, 69 |
| BMS-708163 | Down | PI3K/AKT Pathway | 67 |
| Polyphyllin I | Down | PI3K/AKT Pathway | 68 |
| anti-HER-3 antibody | Down | HER-3 and PI3K/AKT Pathway | 71 |
| anti-HER-3 antibody | Up | STING | 75 |
| HECrossMAb | Down | PI3K/AKT Pathway | 72 |
| Gefitinib and Vorinostat | Up | M1-like polarization of TAMs | 73 |
| Cosuppression of NF-κB and AICDA | Down | NF-κB and AICDA | 81 |
| Liver X receptors agonist | Down | AKT and NF-κB | 82 |
| STING agonist MSA-2 | Up | M1-like polarization of TAMs | 91 |
| Simvastatin | Up | M1-like polarization of TAMs | 104, 105 |
| The Root Extract of Scutellaria baicalensis | Down | STAT3 | 109 |
| Knockdown of lncRNA BLACAT1 | Down | STAT3 | 110 |
| STAT3 inhibitor and an anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody | Up | M1-like polarization of TAMs | 111 |
| Simvastatin | Down | EMT | 104 |
| MTI-31 | Down | EMT | 133 |
| W2014-S | Down | STAT3 | 137 |
| BBI608 | Down | STAT3 | 138 |
EGFR-TKIs, epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors; TAMs, tumor-associated macrophages; PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinase; AKT, protein kinase B; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; ERK, extracellular signal-related kinases; STAT3, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; MET, mesenchymal to epithelial transition factor; HER-3, human epidermal growth factor receptor 3; STING: Stimulator of interferon genes; NF-κB, nuclear factor-κB; AICDA, activation-induced cytidine deaminase; EMT, epithelial-mesenchymal transition.