Table 2.
Changes in rates and trend of acute myocardial infarction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and smoking-related cancers after the implementation of a national smoking ban compared with the pre-ban period, stratified on educational level, Denmark, 2002–2015
| Pre-ban trend (IRRa)b,c | Post-ban trend (IRRa)b,d |
Change in trend (IRRa) (95%CI) |
Immediate level change (IRRa) (95%CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acute myocardial infarction | ||||
| Low educational level | 0.87 | 0.90 | 1.03 (1.01–1.04) | 0.95 (0.92–1.00) |
| Medium educational level | 0.85 | 0.88 | 1.03 (1.02–1.05) | 0.98 (0.94–1.03) |
| High educational level | 0.85 | 0.86 | 1.02 (0.99–1.05) | 1.03 (0.96–1.12) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | ||||
| Low educational level | 0.96 | 0.97 | 1.02 (1.01–1.02) | 1.00 (0.97–1.03) |
| Medium educational level | 0.96 | 0.96 | 1.00 (1.00–1.01) | 1.01 (0.97–1.05) |
| High educational level | 0.90 | 0.91 | 1.01 (0.99–1.02) | 1.10 (1.03–1.17) |
| Smoking-related cancers | ||||
| Low educational level | 1.02 | 1.01 | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 1.01 (0.97–1.05) |
| Medium educational level | 0.96 | 0.95 | 0.99 (0.99–1.00) | 1.06 (1.02–1.11) |
| High educational level | 0.94 | 0.93 | 1.00 (0.98–1.01) | 1.09 (1.02–1.17) |
aIncidence rate ratio
bChange per three years
cPre-ban period: 01.01.02 to 31.08.07
dPost-ban period for acute myocardial infarction: 01.09.07 to 31.12.10; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: 01.09.07 to 31.12.12; smoking-related cancers: 01.09.07 to 31.12.15