Table 1.

2-Step intrinsic capacity assessment: ICOPE screening tool and detailed assessment¹

IC dimensions	ICOPE screening tool	Detailed assessments
Locomotion	Five times sit-to-stand test ≥ 14 s	SPPB ≤ 9 score
Vitality	Loss more than 3 kg of weight in the past 3 months	MNA-SF ≤ 11 score
	Loss of appetite in the past 3 months
Cognition	Cannot recall three words	MMSE < 24 score
	Disorientation in time or space
Psychology	Depressed or hopeless in the past two weeks	GDS-15 ≥ 5 score
	Lost interest in activities in the past two weeks
Sensory (vision)	Vision deteriorated and affected daily life	Same
Sensory (hearing)	Hearing deteriorated and affected daily life	Same

Abbreviations: ¹If any problem in the table satisfied is scored 1. The total score of the ICOPE screening tool ranges from 0–9 points, and a score of ≥ 1 indicates possible IC decline. The total score of detailed IC assessments ranges from 0–6 points, and a score of ≥ 1 indicates actual IC decline. IC Intrinsic capacity, SPPB Short physical performance battery, MNA-SF Short-form mini-nutritional assessment, MMSE Mini-mental state examination, GDS-15 15-item geriatric depression scale