Table 3.

Diagnostic Criteria for Myofascial Orofacial or Cervical Pain Disorder Phenotype

Pain fulfilling the criteria for HNC-related pain Pain is localized to the masticatory muscles or cervical muscles Pain has either or both of the following features: Pain may exacerbate with maximum assisted or unassisted jaw opening, right or left lateral and/or protrusive movements, or flexion, extension, and/or rotational movements of the neck Pain is exacerbated by pressure applied to the masticatory or cervical muscles Pain is described as a dull ache, soreness, nagging, or sharp in nature Pain may be intermittenta or unremitting Pain may be associated with positive or negative signsb

Notes: ^aEpisodes may be single or recurrent within any day, each lasting at least 30 minutes and with a total duration within the day of a least 2 hours. ^bPositive signs include paraesthesia, dysesthesia, allodynia, and hyperesthesia. Negative signs consist of numbness, hypoalgesia, or hypoesthesia. This is a modification of the International Classification of Orofacial Pain, first edition (ICOP-1) diagnostic criteria for primary myofascial orofacial pain, and secondary myofascial orofacial pain with data from ICOP-1.⁵