Table 4. Association between remission group and CVD outcomes in the CHIA type 2 diabetes cohort.

		Unadjusted model					Adjusted model*
		HR	95% CI		p-value		HR	95% CI		p-value
Macrovascular complications	N = 48,942					N = 48,829
Group 3 (ref)		1					1
Group 1		0.85	0.78	0.93	<0.001		0.83	0.75	0.92	<0.001
Group 2		0.97	0.88	1.06	0.490		0.91	0.82	1.00	0.054
Group 4		0.70	0.64	0.77	<0.001		0.66	0.61	0.71	<0.001
Microvascular complications	N = 41,609					N = 41,527
Group 3 (ref)		1					1
Group 1		0.63	0.60	0.66	<0.001		0.65	0.61	0.70	<0.001
Group 2		0.78	0.74	0.82	<0.001		0.80	0.76	0.85	<0.001
Group 4		0.56	0.53	0.59	<0.001		0.59	0.55	0.64	<0.001
CVD events	N = 53,218					N = 53,097
Group 3 (ref)		1					1
Group 1		0.76	0.69	0.84	<0.001		0.74	0.67	0.83	<0.001
Group 2		0.94	0.85	1.04	0.254		0.88	0.79	0.98	0.021
Group 4		0.71	0.64	0.78	<0.001		0.67	0.61	0.73	<0.001
Death	N = 60,287					N = 60,138
Group 3 (ref)		1					1
Group 1		0.85	0.79	0.92	<0.001		0.82	0.76	0.89	<0.001
Group 2		1.01	0.93	1.09	0.829		0.92	0.85	1.01	0.086
Group 4		1.29	1.21	1.37	<0.001		1.11	1.03	1.19	0.004

Group 1 achieving HbA_1c <48 mmol/mol (6.5%) followed by increasing HbA_1c levels); Group 2 decreasing HbA_1c levels); Group 3 stable high HbA_1c levels); Group 4 stable low HbA_1c levels (<48mmol/mol or <6.5%). The adjusted model shown above included sociodemographic variables (age, sex, ethnicity, IMD), baseline weight, diabetes duration, number of co-morbidities and clustering within practices.

People with event of interest prior to the start of study were excluded from the analysis.

CVD events included a composite of myocardial infarction, amputation and stroke. Microvascular complications included a composite of peripheral neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy. Macrovascular complications include a composite of stroke, MI, coronary heart disease peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and amputation. All-cause mortality was death from any cause.