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. 2023 Aug 15;17:1219029. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1219029

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Copyright © 2023 Rehbein, Kroker, Winker, Ziehfreund, Reschke, Bölte, Wyczesany, Roesmann, Wessing and Junghöfer.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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(A) Significant temporal cluster of feedback-locked pupil diameters with a main effect of RECEIVED OUTCOME (gain received and loss received). Pupils were relatively dilated in response to gain feedback than loss feedback between 380 and 1,280 ms. The depicted pupil diameters were baseline-adjusted (enabling negative values). (B) Significant temporal cluster of pupil diameters with a main effect of STIMULATION (excitatory and inhibitory). Pupils were relatively dilated after excitatory as compared to after inhibitory stimulation between 310 and 580 ms. Boxplots indicate means (black dot), medians (gray line), and lower and upper quartiles.