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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 May 20.
Published in final edited form as: Sci Total Environ. 2023 Feb 27;874:162462. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162462

Table 3.

Associations of PM10, PM2.5, NO2, and O3 with deaths due to suicide and deaths due to homicide. Results are shown for same day exposure (Lag-0) to 7 days prior exposure (Lag-7), per inter-quartile range (IQR) increase in air pollutants concentrations.

Pollutants Lag Suicide OR (95% CI) Homicide OR (95% CI)
PM10 0 1.012 (0.990, 1.032) 1.016 (0.982, 1.051)
1 1.007 (0.983, 1.030) 0.982 (0.945, 1.019)
2 1.008 (0.990, 1.027) 0.991 (0.954, 1.028)
3 1.017 (0.993, 1.040) 0.988 (0.950, 1.027)
4 1.017 (0.992, 1.040) 0.972 (0.934, 1.011)
5 1.007 (0.982, 1.030) 0.965 (0.926, 1.004)
6 1.018 (0.995, 1.042) 0.975 (0.936, 1.012)
7 0.973 (0.950, 0.998) 0.988 (0.952, 1.023)
0-7 1.022 (0.979, 1.066) 0.961 (0.897, 1.030)
PM2.5 0 1.000 (0.987, 1.013) 1.002 (0.945, 1.060)
1 1.003 (0.990, 1.016) 0.966 (0.906, 1.025)
2 1.010 (0.996, 1.022) 0.979 (0.920, 1.035)
3 1.005 (0.992, 1.019) 0.995 (0.938, 1.051)
4 1.003 (0.990, 1.016) 0.961 (0.904, 1.018)
5 1.006 (0.993, 1.019) 0.973 (0.917, 1.028)
6 0.998 (0.985, 1.011) 0.979 (0.922, 1.034)
7 0.998 (0.985, 1.011) 0.979 (0.922, 1.037)
0-7 1.011 (0.991, 1.031) 0.981 (0.950, 1.012)
NO2 0 0.993 (0.958, 1.027) 0.986 (0.888, 1.085)
1 0.993 (0.958, 1.028) 1.023 (0.926, 1.122)
2 0.988 (0.954, 1.023) 0.970 (0.872, 1.067)
3 1.018 (0.983, 1.053) 0.926 (0.830, 1.023)
4 1.012 (0.978, 1.047) 0.970 (0.872, 1.067)
5 1.026 (0.991, 1.061) 0.975 (0.881, 1.071)
6 1.014 (0.980, 1.048) 0.975 (0.879, 1.073)
7 0.988 (0.954, 1.021) 0.926 (0.830, 1.023)
0-7 1.020 (0.962, 1.082) 0.953 (0.870, 1.044)
O3 0 0.996 (0.961, 1.032) 0.954 (0.901, 1.005)
1 1.004 (0.968, 1.039) 0.938 (0.885, 0.989)
2 1.014 (0.979, 1.050) 0.972 (0.918, 1.025)
3 1.002 (0.966, 1.037) 0.993 (0.942, 1.046)
4 1.025 (0.989, 1.060) 0.996 (0.943, 1.048)
5 1.009 (0.973, 1.044) 0.996 (0.943, 1.050)
6 1.030 (0.995, 1.066) 0.956 (0.903, 1.007)
7 1.025 (0.989, 1.060) 1.007 (0.954, 1.060)
0-7 1.047 (0.983, 1.115) 0.922 (0.839, 1.011)

Models were adjusted for same lag day temperature and relative humidity. IQR for PM10, PM2.5, NO2, and O3 were 16.8 μg/m3, 6.0 μg/m3, 8.9 ppb, and 17.7 ppb, respectively.