Table 2.
Determination of common quantitative muscle parameters by technique. ADC: apparent diffusion coefficient; DTI: diffusion tensor imaging; EMCL: extramyocellular lipids; FA: fractional anisotropy; IMAT: intermuscular adipose tissue; IMCL intramyocellular lipids; MRS: magnetic resonance spectroscopy; PDFF: proton density fat fraction; T2w: T2 water [ms]; T2w: T2 fat [ms]; ∗DTI based tractography.
| Parameter | T1w | Dixon FF | T2 map | DTI | MRS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SAT area/volume (cm2/cm3) | ++ | + | +/− | — | |
| muscle area/volume (cm2/cm3) | ++ | + | +/− | — | |
| IMAT area/volume (cm2/cm3) | + | ++ | +/− | — | |
| muscle tissue area/volume (cm2/cm3) | + | ++ | +/− | — | |
| intra fascia PDFF (%) | — | ++ | — | — | |
| muscle tissue PDFF (%) | — | ++ | — | — | + |
| T2w (ms) | — | — | ++ | — | |
| T2f (ms) | — | — | ++ | — | |
| EMCL (mmol/kg) | — | — | — | — | ++ |
| IMCT (mmol/kg) | — | — | — | — | ++ |
| ADC, FA | ++ | ||||
| pennation angle, curvature, fiber length, and physiological cross-sectional area | ++∗ |