Table 4.
Prevalence of Caesarean section delivery by selected explanatory variables in Chhattisgarh
| Chhattisgarh | NFHS-4 | NFHS-5 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (2015-16) | (2019-21) | |||
| Variable | % | p-value | % | p-value |
| Caste | 0.015 | < 0.001 | ||
| Scheduled Castes | 10.4 | 16.1 | ||
| Scheduled Tribes | 4.8 | 8.2 | ||
| Other Backward Castes | 12.8 | 20.3 | ||
| Others | 31.7 | 41.6 | ||
| Religion | < 0.001 | 0.026 | ||
| Hindu | 10.7 | 16.5 | ||
| Muslim | 27.9 | 31.8 | ||
| Others | 13.6 | 20.6 | ||
| Type of Residence | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||
| Urban | 20.9 | 32.2 | ||
| Rural | 8.4 | 12.6 | ||
| Woman’s education level | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||
| Illiterate | 4.2 | 4.5 | ||
| Primary | 7.3 | 9.4 | ||
| Secondary | 12.0 | 16.6 | ||
| Higher | 33.7 | 42.5 | ||
| Age at marriage | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||
| Below 18 years | 7.1 | 8.8 | ||
| 18 years or above | 13.3 | 19.4 | ||
| Exposure to media | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||
| Nil | 4.0 | 7.6 | ||
| Partial | 11.9 | 18.6 | ||
| Full | 20.7 | 28.0 | ||
| Number of ANC visits | < 0.001 | 0.058 | ||
| 0 | 5.2 | 13.0 | ||
| 1–3 | 7.4 | 15.4 | ||
| 4+ | 13.9 | 17.9 | ||
| Woman’s age | 0.015 | 0.117 | ||
| 15–24 | 9.5 | 14.2 | ||
| 25–34 | 12.2 | 17.7 | ||
| 35–49 | 10.9 | 17.8 | ||
| Size of child at birth | 0.004 | 0.094 | ||
| Average | 10.2 | 17.4 | ||
| Small | 14.5 | 14.4 | ||
| Large | 14.8 | 15.5 | ||
| Woman’s BMI | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||
| Underweight | 7.0 | 10.0 | ||
| Normal | 11.9 | 18.0 | ||
| Overweight | 40.2 | 43.4 | ||
| Pregnancy Complications | 0.005 | < 0.001 | ||
| No | 10.4 | 14.8 | ||
| Present | 12.1 | 20.7 | ||
| Ever had a terminated pregnancy | < 0.001 | 0.005 | ||
| No | 10.5 | 16.4 | ||
| Yes | 15.1 | 20.0 | ||
| Birth Order | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||
| 1 | 16.4 | 22.3 | ||
| 2 | 12.6 | 19.5 | ||
| 3 | 5.7 | 8.0 | ||
| 4+ | 3.0 | 5.4 | ||
| Wealth Quintile | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||
| Poor | 5.1 | 8.4 | ||
| Non-poor | 18.9 | 26.9 | ||
| Place Of Delivery | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||
| Public | 6.3 | 9.7 | ||
| Private | 48.5 | 58.9 | ||