. 2023 Aug 16;11:1230198. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1230198

Table 2.

Indicators of grief, burden, and wellbeing in the study sample.

		Complicated grief (ICG-D)	Burdened by Grief and Loss (BGL)	Psychological wellbeing (WHO-5)	Perception of burden (5NRS)
Expected range		0–76	0–36	0–25	0–100
n		194	161	161	161
All participants	Mean	21.00	18.27	12.34	43.48
	SD	12.49	10.75	6.11	20.64
Gender
Women	Mean	22.25	19.38	11.92	45.58
	SD	12.12	10.61	5.86	19.48
Men	Mean	16.73	14.12	13.90	35.62
	SD	12.94	10.39	6.85	23.15
F-value		6.86	6.65	2.86	6.47
P-value		0.010	0.011	n.s.	0.012
Eta² value		0.034	0.040	0.018	0.039
Relational status
Parents (G1)	Mean	20.37	16.22	13.38	42.44
	SD	12.36	10.95	6.71	21.30
Partner/brother or sister (G2)	Mean	32.56	20.48	9.51	44.24
	SD	11.78	12.13	6.04	25.74
Relatives/others	Mean	19.49	19.28	12.46	43.29
	SD	11.40	9.86	5.65	19.48
F-value		12.06	1.85	3.47	0.06
p-value		<0.001	n.s.	0.034	n.s.
Eta² value		0.142	0.025	0.045	0.001
Place of dying
Hospital	Mean	20.79	19.71	12.77	43.18
	SD	12.68	11.10	6.32	22.22
Nursing home/hospice	Mean	23.04	19.75	11.45	48.60
	SD	15.21	11.39	6.68	19.67
At home	Mean	23.88	14.99	11.39	39.07
	SD	9.93	8.43	5.85	19.70
F-value		0.86	2.60	0.86	1.64
p-value		n.s.	n.s.	n.s.	n.s.
Eta² value		0.012	0.034	0.012	0.022
Visits at place were possible
No	Mean	22.92	23.65	12.01	46.20
	SD	13.48	9.58	5.91	23.04
Yes	Mean	20.97	15.27	12.50	41.03
	SD	12.15	9.87	6.58	18.76
F-value		0.77	24.08	0.20	2.08
p-value		n.s.	<0.001	n.s.	n.s.
Eta² value		0.006	0.153	0.002	0.015

Significant differences (p <0.001) were highlighted.