Figure 3.

OTA induces EMT and fibrosis in human colon cell line Caco-2. Caco-2 cells received treatment with 25 and 100 nM of OTA for 48 h. (a) mRNA and (b) protein expressions were determined using real-time qPCR and Western blot, respectively. All mRNA and protein levels were normalized by GADPH expression. Data represent the mean ± S.D. of experiments with triplicate samples, and significance was determined by comparing with the control using Tukey’s studentized range test and different letters mean significant differences at p < 0.05. CON: untreated control; OTA 25: 25 nM OTA; OTA 100: 100 nM OTA.