Table 1.
Occurrences and levels of aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1, G2 and sum of aflatoxins) and ochratoxin A (OTA) in nuts. Results expressed as μg/kg.
| Food | Descriptive | AFB1 | AFB2 | AFG1 | AFG2 | Sum AFs | OTA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Peanuts (n = 24) |
% Positive | 62.5% | 62.5% | 45.8% | 29.2% | 62.5% | 0.0% |
| Mean ± SD | 0.92 ± 1.34 | 0.16 ± 0.23 | 0.17 ± 0.37 | 0.08 ± 0.19 | 1.31 ± 1.89 | <LD 1 | |
| Maximum | 5.25 | 0.83 | 1.42 | 0.74 | 6.21 | -- | |
| Almonds (n = 21) |
% Positive | 9.5% | 9.5% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 9.5% | 0.0% |
| Mean ± SD | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | <LD | <LD | 0.02 ± 0.02 | <LD | |
| Maximum | 0.05 | 0.02 | -- | -- | 0.07 | -- | |
| Walnuts (n = 20) |
% Positive | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| Mean ± SD | <LD | <LD | <LD | <LD | <LD | <LD | |
| Maximum | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | |
| Total nuts (n = 65) |
% Positive | 26.2% | 26.2% | 16.9% | 10.8% | 26.2% | 0.0% |
| Mean ± SD | 0.35 ± 0.92 | 0.06 ± 0.16 | 0.07 ± 0.24 | 0.04 ± 0.12 | 0.49 ± 1.30 | <LD |
1 LD: limit of detection of 0.02 μg/kg for each of the aflatoxins and 0.10 μg/kg for ochratoxin A.