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. 2023 Aug 28;12(2):2249130. doi: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2249130

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© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group, on behalf of Shanghai Shangyixun Cultural Communication Co., Ltd

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The terms on which this article has been published allow the posting of the Accepted Manuscript in a repository by the author(s) or with their consent.

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Figure 3. — T-cell responses induced by the adjuvanted H7N9 WV vaccine. BALB/c mice (n = 4 per group) were intramuscularly immunized twice with the H7N9 WV vaccine in combination with aluminum hydroxide (Alum) or CpG 1018. Splenocytes were collected at day 7 after the second immunization, and the levels of secreted IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-5 and IL-13 (a–d) were evaluated after restimulation with recombinant H7 protein. (e, f) The ratios of IFN-γ to IL-5 and IFN-γ to IL-13 were calculated. The log₁₀-transformed cytokine level and IFN-γ/IL-5 and IFN-γ/IL-13 ratios were analyzed by two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s posttest. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001.