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. 2023 Aug 16;7:e43526. doi: 10.2196/43526

Table 2.

Age, sex, depressive symptoms, and intervention group of all participants at the 4 time points.

Characteristics Time points
  T0 (n=40) T1 (n=16) T2 (n=14) T3 (n=8)
Age (years), n (%)

17-25 18 (45) 9 (56) 8 (57) 5 (63)

26-45 22 (55) 7 (46) 6 (43) 3 (38)
Sex, n (%)

Female 29 (73) 7 (44) 9 (64) 4 (50)

Male 11 (28) 9 (56) 5 (36) 4 (50)
Intervention group




Volunteer 11 (28) 5 (31) 4 (29) 2 (25)

App 11 (28) 4 (25) 4 (28.6) 3 (38)

TAUa 18 (45) 7(44) 6 (43) 3 (38)
CESDb depressive symptoms, mean (SD) 34 (8.3) 29.8 (10.5) 29.3 (11.9) 33.4 (10.3)
Breakdown of total score by group, mean (SD)

CESD


Volunteer 37.6 (6.2) 34.6 (6.7) 34.8 (5.4) 37.3 (9.6)


App 35.2 (9.7) 34.4 (9.5) 37.3 (10.3) 30.5 (2.1)


TAU 31.2 (7.9) 23 (9.6) 20.3 (10.7) 31.3 (15.5)

Age (years), mean (SD)


Volunteer 25.9 (8.1) 26.2 (10.2) 25.7 (9.6) 27.9 (8.6)


App 29.7 (8.7) 29 (9.3) 29.9 (8.8) 30.4 (8.8)


TAU 29.4 (9) 29.9 (10.3) 30.3 (9.9) 28.5 (8.7)

aTAU: treatment as usual.

bCESD: Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale.