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. 2023 Aug 31;2023(8):CD013074. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD013074.pub2

Quintiliano 2019.

Study name Transcranial direct current stimulation in management of pain, mood, functionality, and quality of life in patients undergoing hemodialysis: a study protocol for a double‐blind controlled randomized trial
Methods Study design
  • RCT

  • Duration of follow‐up: 4 weeks

Participants Study characteristics
  • Country: Brazil

  • Setting: single centre

  • Inclusion criteria

    • Male or female aged 18 to 75 years undergoing HD with ESKD (CKD 5D2) for > 3 months, (4 hours/session)

    • Pain‐related with a score of more than 4 (range of scores from 1 to 10) in a visual analogue scale (VAS) for > 3 months

    • Have physical capacity to do physical evaluation and be capable of consenting to treatment and understanding study explanations and questionnaires

    • Provide informed consent

  • Exclusion criteria

    • Electrical implants in the body

    • History of epilepsy or convulsion

    • Clinically contraindicated to receive tDCS, such as having metal embedded in their scalp or brain

    • Psychiatric illness

    • Pregnant women

    • Signs of severe disease and/or indication of hospitalisation, including instability, infection, acute myocardial infarction, and stroke

Interventions Intervention group 1
  • Motor cortex (M1)


Intervention group 2
  • Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC)


Control group
  • Sham group


Co‐interventions
Not reported
Outcomes Planned outcomes
  • Pain: baseline, week 1 and 4

  • Depression: baseline, week 1 and 4

  • Functionality: baseline, week 1 and 4

  • QoL: baseline, week 1 and 4

Starting date Not reported. Trial was registered on 2018
Contact information Artur Quintiliano
Phone: not reported
Email: artur_bezerra@hotmail.com
Notes Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry/Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos (ensaiosclinicos.gov.br),
1111–1216‐0137. Funding: funded by the authors. Recruitment status: not reported