Table 3.
Diet | Supplementation | Serum | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variables | TC | PC | SM | Betaine | Free choline | GPC | Pch | Choline bitartrate | TC | PC | SM |
Diet (mg/day) | |||||||||||
Total choline | 1.000 | ||||||||||
Phosphatidylcholine | 0.914*** | 1.000 | |||||||||
Sphingomyelin | 0.839*** | 0.855*** | 1.000 | ||||||||
Betaine | 0.415*** | 0.259*** | 0.121*** | 1.000 | |||||||
Free choline | 0.824*** | 0.592*** | 0.466*** | 0.669*** | 1.000 | ||||||
Glycerophosphocholine | 0.737*** | 0.462*** | 0.608*** | 0.276*** | 0.649*** | 1.000 | |||||
Phosphocholine | 0.774*** | 0.523*** | 0.551*** | 0.297*** | 0.792*** | 0.798*** | 1.000 | ||||
Supplementation (mg/day) | |||||||||||
Choline bitartrate | −0.033 | −0.040 | − 0.068** | −0.001 | 0.018 | − 0.053* | 0.016 | 1.000 | |||
Serum (mmol/l) | |||||||||||
Total choline-c | −0.005 | −0.019 | −0.048 | 0.037 | 0.025 | 0.004 | 0.032 | 0.030 | 1.000 | ||
Phosphatidylcholine | −0.014 | −0.026 | −0.054* | 0.026 | 0.013 | − 0.001 | 0.021 | 0.024 | 0.985*** | 1.000 | |
Sphingomyelin | 0.017 | 0.009 | −0.014 | 0.051 | 0.035 | 0.005 | 0.044 | 0.029 | 0.821*** | 0.729*** | 1.000 |
GPC Glycerophosphocholine, Pch phosphocholine, PC phosphatidylcholine, SM sphingomyelin, TC total choline-containing compounds
***p < 0.01, **p < 0.05, *p < 0.1, Bonferroni correction for multiple testing p < 0.001 in bold