Fig. 4.

HsfA1a-dependent tolerance to tunicamycin. A Representative images of WT, A1CS, and A1aOE seedlings submerged in DMSO (0.1%) or TUN (25 ng mL⁻¹) for 24 h and then allowed to recover for 3 days under standard conditions. B Relative hypocotyl and root elongation of seedlings exposed to TUN (25 ng mL⁻¹) or DMSO for 24 h. Data shown as box plots derive from 20 to 25 seedlings from 3 biological replicates, and presented as percentages of growth of TUN relative to DMSO-treated seedlings for each genotype (DMSO is 100% for each genotype). C Percentage of viable over total number of mesophyll protoplasts expressing a mock plasmid, HA-bZIP60s or HsfA1a and treated either with DMSO or TUN (12.5 ng mL⁻¹). D Immunoblot analysis showing the levels of endogenous BIP protein in protoplasts expressing GFP, HA-bZIP60s, or HsfA1a for the indicated time. The transgenes were detected using αGFP, αHA, and αHsfA1a, respectively