Table 1.

Details of confounders and casual inference between genetically predicted serum zinc and cofounders.

Trait	Consortium	Sample size	OR	95%CI	p
Ever smoked	MRC-IEU	461,066	1.00	(0.99,1.00)	0.38
Cigarettes smoked per day	GSCAN	249,752	0.99	(0.98,1.00)	0.44
smoking initiation	GSCAN	607,291	1.00	(0.99,1.01)	0.44
Alcohol intake frequency	MRC-IEU	462,346	0.99	(0.99,1.00)	0.95
BMI	MRC-IEU	461,460	1.00	(0.99,1.01)	0.07
Diastolic blood pressure	MRC-IEU	39,749	0.99	(0.98,1.01)	0.76
Systolic blood pressure	MRC-IEU	436,419	0.99	(0.99,1.00)	0.15
Average total household income before tax	MRC-IEU	397,751	1.00	(0.99,1.01)	0.17
Full-time or part-time education	NA	688,99	0.99	(0.99,1.00)	0.08

BMI, body mass index; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.