Table 4.
Mendelian randomisation (MR) results of causal effects between gut microbiome and hand grip strength (Left).
| Group | Bacterial traits | Nsnp | Methods | SE | β (95% CI) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Family | Bifidobacteriaceae | 21 | MR Egger | 0.034 | 0.159 (0.092, 0.226) | <0.001 |
| Weighted median | 0.011 | 0.032 (0.009, 0.054) | 0.005 | |||
| Inverse variance weighted | 0.013 | 0.035 (0.011, 0.060) | 0.005 | |||
| Simple mode | 0.031 | 0.004 (−0.056, 0.065) | 0.888 | |||
| Weighted mode | 0.026 | 0.081 (0.030, 0.131) | 0.005 | |||
| Genus | Eubacterium nodatum group | 11 | MR Egger | 0.017 | 0.012 (−0.022, 0.046) | 0.518 |
| Weighted median | 0.005 | 0.006 (−0.005, 0.016) | 0.308 | |||
| Inverse variance weighted | 0.004 | 0.010 (0.002, 0.017) | 0.013 | |||
| Simple mode | 0.009 | 0.002 (−0.016, 0.021) | 0.803 | |||
| Weighted mode | 0.010 | 0.002 (−0.017, 0.021) | 0.830 | |||
| Genus | Bifidobacterium | 20 | MR Egger | 0.033 | 0.046 (−0.020, 0.111) | 0.190 |
| Weighted median | 0.011 | 0.031 (0.009, 0.053) | 0.006 | |||
| Inverse variance weighted | 0.011 | 0.035 (0.013, 0.058) | <0.001 | |||
| Simple mode | 0.029 | 0.014 (−0.043, 0.072) | 0.625 | |||
| Weighted mode | 0.042 | 0.081 (−0.001, 0.162) | 0.067 | |||
| Genus | Olsenella | 11 | MR Egger | 0.021 | −0.034 (−0.076, 0.008) | 0.142 |
| Weighted median | 0.006 | −0.014 (−0.025, −0.002) | 0.019 | |||
| Inverse variance weighted | 0.006 | −0.012 (−0.023, −0.001) | 0.036 | |||
| Simple mode | 0.009 | −0.013 (−0.031, 0.004) | 0.164 | |||
| Weighted mode | 0.009 | −0.013 (−0.030, 0.004) | 0.157 | |||
| Genus | Parabacteroides | 6 | MR Egger | 0.038 | 0.042 (−0.032, 0.116) | 0.328 |
| Weighted median | 0.015 | 0.027 (−0.001–0.056) | 0.06 | |||
| Inverse variance weighted | 0.011 | 0.029 (0.007, 0.051) | 0.011 | |||
| Simple mode | 0.022 | 0.030 (−0.014, 0.074) | 0.235 | |||
| Weighted mode | 0.019 | 0.028 (−0.009, 0.065) | 0.204 | |||
| Genus | Sellimonas | 11 | MR Egger | 0.019 | 0.038 (0.001, 0.074) | 0.073 |
| Weighted median | 0.006 | 0.012 (0.001, 0.023) | 0.035 | |||
| Inverse variance weighted | 0.004 | 0.013 (0.005, 0.021) | 0.002 | |||
| Simple mode | 0.009 | 0.012 (−0.007, 0.030) | 0.236 | |||
| Weighted mode | 0.009 | 0.011 (−0.007, 0.029) | 0.261 | |||
| Order | Bifidobacteriales | 21 | MR Egger | 0.034 | 0.159 (0.092, 0.226) | <0.001 |
| Weighted median | 0.012 | 0.032 (0.009, 0.054) | 0.006 | |||
| Inverse variance weighted | 0.013 | 0.035 (0.011, 0.060) | 0.005 | |||
| Simple mode | 0.034 | 0.004 (−0.062, 0.071) | 0.898 | |||
| Weighted mode | 0.025 | 0.081 (0.031, 0.130) | 0.005 |
SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism; MR, mendelian randomization; SE, standard error; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval.