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. 2023 Aug 28;26(9):1584–1594. doi: 10.1038/s41593-023-01413-5

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Extended Data Fig. 6 — Comparison of population metrics of pre-stimulus in S1 (a) and S2 (b) activity prior to hit trials and prior to miss trials. The first two panels show the two metrics of Fig. 4b. Next, two other significant task variables are shown; the trial number (an integer between 0 and the total number of trials in a session, indicating the number of trials previously undertaken by the animal in a given session) and the reward history (defined as % hit trials in the 5 preceding photostimulated trials). All variables were z-scored for clarity, and significance was assessed using two-sided Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. (c, d) The co-variability of the significant statistics of panels a and b was assessed using Pearson correlation (two-sided t-test). In sum, as recording sessions progress, reward history declines, and population variance is correlated to this trend. (e) Population variance is significantly correlated between S1 and S2 on a single-trial level (two-sided t-test). (f) Population variance is significantly correlated to the population mean on a trial-by-trial basis in both S1 and S2 (two-sided t-test). Population mean and variance were z-scored in all panels to allow comparison between different recording sessions. Trial number and reward history were z-scored in panels a-b only.