Table 1.

PICOS elements and databases used for reference searches

Element	Humanistic studies	Economic studies
Patients	Individuals of any age with immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) Studies reporting a mixed population were excluded unless data were reported separately for patients with IgAN
Interventions	Any or no intervention
Comparison	Any or no comparators
Outcomes	Any HRQoL measure Any health state utility Any utility mapping algorithms	Direct costs Indirect costs Cost–benefit outcomes Cost–utility outcomes Cost-effectiveness outcomes Cost-minimization outcomes Budget impact analyses Healthcare resource use
Study designs	Systematic reviews conducted in the most recent 5 years (for record checking only) Prospective clinical trials (phases I–IV) Observational studies Cost–utility analyses Utility elicitation studies Utility mapping studies Exclude: Case reports Nonsystematic reviews	Systematic reviews conducted in the most recent 5 years (for record checking only) Economic evaluations (cost–benefit analyses, cost-effectiveness analyses, cost–utility analyses, cost-minimization analyses) Prospective clinical trials (Phases I to IV) Observational studies Budget impact analyses Costing and resource use studies
Publication timeframe	Studies published from 1980 onward	Studies published from 2011 onward
Geographic limitations	None
Language	English language abstract and full text.
Databases to search	PubMed Ovid Embase Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Cochrane Library) Cochrane CENTRAL database (Cochrane Library) ClinicalTrials.gov International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) NHS Economic Evaluations Database (NHS EED) CEA register ScHARR Health Utilities Database Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE)
Other search approaches	Searches of the following conferences for the period 2019–2021: American Society of Nephrology (ASN) The European Renal Association–European Dialysis and Transplant Association (ERA–EDTA) International Society of Nephrology (ISN) The Professional Society of Health Economics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) UK Kidney Week National Kidney Foundation meetings Checking the reference lists of relevant systematic reviews published in the last 5 years Checking the reference lists of included studies

CEA cost-effectiveness analysis, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, HRQoL health-related quality of life, IgAN Immunoglobulin A nephropathy