Fig. 1.

Variation of seed coat color and principal component analysis. a Bar plot showing the differences in color attributes of seed coat color; X-axis for color attributes or phenotypes. b Scatter plot of first two components of principal component analysis. Seed coat color: BL (black seed coat), P (purple red seed coat), BR (brown seed coat), G (green seed coat), and Y (yellow seed coat). Color attributes: R (red), G (green), B (blue), Luminosity (Lum), light-and-shade drawing (L), A (red-green), B (yellow-blue), Hue, Chroma, PC1, PC2. a, b, c, d: significant difference at 0.05 level