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. 2023 Aug 31;14:5299. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-41001-6

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — a Colloidal particles in spherical confinement crystallize into clusters with icosahedral and decahedral symmetry. b Icosahedral clusters (Ih) are characterized by the presence of multiple fivefold symmetry axes. c Decahedral clusters (Dh) are characterized by only one fivefold symmetry axis at their surface. Scanning electron microscopy observations (left in b, c) are compared to ideal structure models (right in b, c). d The occurrence of decahedral clusters is significantly lower than the occurrence of icosahedral clusters. A total number of 100 (68) clusters, among them 2 (11) decahedral clusters (yellow color), were analyzed for clusters with particle number 10k (35k). e Transmission X-ray image along the fivefold axis and segmented central region of tomographic reconstruction (Tomo, Supplementary Fig. S5) confirm the presence of decahedral symmetry by revealing particles columns (dark contrast) and their fcc arrangement with slight deformation in five twinned grains. Due to positive Zernike phase contrast, particle columns appear dark while the empty interstices appear bright. All scalebars, 2 μm.