Table 1.
Immune cell tracking experiments from CNS and meninges.
| Immune Cell | Methodology | # Cells (Injection Volume) | Species | CLN | Olfactory/Cribriform Route | Dural Lymphatics |
Other | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dendritic Cells | Intrathecal | 2-5.0× 104
(10 μl) |
C57BL/6 mice | Yes | – | – | – | 56 |
| I.C. | 2.5× 105
(30 μl) |
C57BL/6 mice | Yes | – | – | – | 57 | |
| I.C.V. | 3 × 105
(10 μl) |
Sprague Dawley Rats | Yes | – | – | – | 58 | |
| I.C.V | 3 × 105
(10 μl) |
Dark Agouti Rats (EAE) | Yes | – | – | – | 59 | |
| I.C. (Parenchymal) |
3 × 105
(10 μl) |
Dark Agouti Rats (EAE) | No | – | – | – | 59 | |
| I.C. Striatum | 2.5 × 106
(0.3 ul) |
Lewis rats | Yes | – | – | Blood | 55 | |
| I.C.V. | 1.0 x 106 | C57BL/6 mice (EAE) | Yes | Yes | – | RMS | 8 | |
| I.C. | 2.5 × 105
(20 μl) |
C57BL/6 mice (EAE) | Yes | – | – | – | 9 | |
| I.C.M. | 5 x 105
(2 μl) |
C57BL/6 mice | Yes | – | Yes | – | 14 | |
| I.C.V. (Ex vivo- fingolimod treatment) |
1.0 x 106 | C57BL/6 mice (EAE) | Reduced | – | – | – | 8 | |
| I.C. (CCR7 -/-) |
2.5 × 105
(20 μl) |
C57BL/6 mice (EAE) | No | – | – | – | 9 | |
| I.C.M. (CCR7 -/-) |
5 x 105
(2 μl) |
C57BL/6 mice | No | – | Yes | – | 14 | |
| Monocytes | I.C. entorhinal into lesion site | 2.5 × 105
(2 μl) |
C57BL/6 mice | Yes | Yes | – | – | 60 |
| Lymphocytes | I.C. | 2 × 107
(100 μl) |
Rabbit (German giant breed) |
Yes | – | – | – | 61 |
| T Cells | I.C. entorhinal into lesion site | 1 x 106
(4 μl) |
C57BL/6 mice | Yes | Yes | – | – | 62 |
| I.C.V. | 1 x 106
(4 μl) |
C57BL/6 mice | Yes | Yes | – | – | 62 | |
| I.C.M. (Naïve T cells) |
1 x 106
(2 μl) |
Prox1-GFP C57BL/6 mice |
Yes | Yes | Yes | – | 14 | |
| I.C.M. (CCR7 -/-) |
1 x 106
(2 μl) |
Prox1-GFP C57BL/6 mice |
Sparse | – | Sparse | – | 14 | |
| Intradural Photoconversion |
N/A | C57BL/6 (donor KikGR BM) |
Yes | No | – | – | 14 | |
| I.C.V. (Activated CD4 T) |
2.5 × 105
(2.5 μl) |
C57BL/6 mice | – | – | – | Choroid Plexus | 63 | |
| I.C.M. (Tova) |
1 x 106
(25 μl) |
Lewis Rats | Sparse | – | Sparse | – | 27 | |
| I.C.M. (TMBP/TbSYN) |
1 x 106
(25 μl) |
Lewis Rats (EAE) |
Sparse | – | Sparse | – | 27 | |
| B Cells | I.C.M. CD19-Td tomato Splenocytes |
2.5 × 106
(5 μl) |
C57BL/6 mice | Yes | – | Yes | – | 64 |
| Microglia | I.C. Striatum | 2.5 × 106
(0.3 μl) |
Lewis Rats | No | – | – | – | 55 |
| Neutrophils | Two-Photon intravital microscopy | N/A | LysMGFP/+ mice |
– | – | – | Blood | 65 |
Studies include injections of immune cells via Intracisterna magna (I.C.M), intracerebroventricular (I.C.V.), or intracerebrally (I.C.) in animal models. "—", presence of immune cell in this location not analyzed or defined. N/A, not applicable.