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. 2023 Aug 22;9(9):e19212. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19212

Table 2.

Components of environmental domains identified in the 7th and 8th Environment Action Programmes.

Domains Definition
Water Clean water, quality, urban wastewater, drinking water, bathing water, marine areas, water quality, rivers, coastal water
Air Clean air, gas emissions, air quality, carbon sequestration, air pollution, reduce emissions, ozone-depleting substances, atmospheric pollution
Soil Pesticides, nutrients, biocides, fertilisers, soil quality, acidification
Biodiversity Environmental protection, ecosystem services, protection of nature, forests, trees, species, fishing, animal, biodiversity loss
Climate Climate change, greenhouse gas, gas emissions, temperature increase, carbon footprints
Chemical substances Hazardous substances, carbon sequestration, CO2 emissions, nutrients, nitrogen, phosphorus
Waste and recycling Recycling activities, waste management, prevention, recycling, disposal, food waste, hazardous waste
Human health Noise pollution, chemical exposure and toxicity, light pollution, green spaces
Energy Friendly technologies, energy efficiency, marine biotechnology, renewable energy, greener technologies
Resourcemanagement Resource efficiency, land management, water management, environmental management systems, sustainable management
Land use Land degradation, farmland, pressures on land, agroforestry, land-use, agricultural areas, traditional practices
Economy Industry, agriculture, transport, tourism, circular economy, land fragmentation, aquaculture, investment, market, green economy, nanomaterials, eco-innovation
Other Government, public participation, policy framework, research, legislation, agreements