TABLE 5.

Phytoextraction results of PTEs from contaminated soils.

Plant species	Contaminant	Its feasibility	References
Achillea millefolium	Mercury	Phytovolatilization of Hg may cause public fear	Wang et al. (2012)
Eupatorium perfoliatum	Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil	Not feasible because of its low bioavailability	Ahn et al. (2005)
Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)	Potentially toxic elements, radionuclides, and organic contaminants and as a feedstock	Feasible for bioenergy production	Rheay et al. (2021)
Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)	Potentially toxic metals	Washing with chelating agents (HCl, EDTA, and NTA) coupled phytoremediation is feasible for metal-contaminated soil remediation	Xiao et al. (2019)
Maize (Zea mays)	Arsenic	Arsenic phytoremediation potential of the maize plants was found to be economical for sandy loam soil with a 1% compost level and for clay loam soil at a 2.5% compost level	Mehmood et al. (2021)
S. alfredii and oilseed rape	Cadmium	Dry weights of S. alfredii and oilseed rape were enhanced under intercropping pattern and decreased the remediation period	Zhang et al. (2021)
Rosularia adenotricha, Catharanthus roseus, Allium griffithianum, Himalaiella heteromalla, Stellaria media, Salvia moorcroftiana and Marrubium vulgare	Chromium	Efficient phytoextractors of Cr from soil	Sajad et al. (2020)
aromatic plants from families—Poaceae, Lamiaceae, Asteraceae, and Geraniaceae	Potentially toxic elements	Feasible for the phytoextraction process	Pandey et al. (2019)