Table 2.
Multivariate analysis for diabetes risk levels in different categories of participants.
| Item | Categories | N(%) |
Family history of DM |
Diabetes Risk test |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | 95%CI | P-value | No* | Higher risk | 95%CI | P-value | Low/ no risk ** | |||
| Gender | Male | 474(66.5) | 311(63.2) | 1.90(1.5–2.3) | < 0.0001 | 163(73.8) | 252(75.7) | 1.13(0.91–1.4) | 0.26 | 222(58.4) |
| Female | 239(33.5) | 181(36.8) | 3.12(2.2–4.4) | < 0.0001 | 58(26.2) | 81(24.3) | 0.51(0.37–0.70) | < 0.0001 | 158(41.6) | |
| Diabetes is a common health problem | Yes | 682(95.7) | 479(97.4) | 2.38(1.9–2.8) | < 0.0001 | 201(91.8) | 329(98.8) | 0.93(0.78–1.1) | 0.45 | 353(92.9) |
| No | 31(4.3) | 13(2.6) | 0.70(0.30–1.7) | 0.46 | 18(8.2) | 4(1.2) | 0.14(0.04–0.47) | 0.001 | 27(7.1) | |
| Could diabetes be prevented | Yes | 594(83.3) | 425(86.4) | 2.54(2.0–3.14) | < 0.0001 | 167(76.3) | 282(84.7) | 0.90(0.74–1.1) | 0.31 | 312(82.1) |
| No | 119(16.7) | 67(13.6) | 1.28(0.82–2.0) | 0.26 | 52(23.7) | 51(15.3) | 0.75(0.48–1.16) | 0.2 | 68(17.9) | |
| Are you Physical active | Yes | 114(16) | 72(14.6) | 1.71(1.08–2.7) | 0.02 | 42(19.0) | 50(15.0) | 0.78(0.49–1.2) | 0.28 | 64(16.8) |
| Not regularly | 313(43.9) | 232(47.2) | 2.86(2.12–3.8) | < 0.0001 | 81(36.7) | 125(37.5) | 0.67(0.5–0.87) | 0.003 | 188(49.5) | |
| No | 286(40.1) | 188(38.2) | 1.91(1.42–2.5) | < 0.0001 | 98(44.3) | 158(47.4) | 1.23(0.92–1.6) | 0.14 | 128(33.7) | |
| High cholesterol | Yes | 456(64.0) | 324(65.9) | 2.45(1.9–3.12) | < 0.0001 | 132(59.7) | 234(70.3) | 1.05(0.84–1.3) | 0.64 | 222(58.4) |
| Not sure | 133(18.7) | 83(16.9) | 1.67(1.08–2.5) | 0.01 | 50(22.6) | 34(10.2) | 0.34(0.21–0.54) | < 0.0001 | 99(26.1) | |
| No | 124(17.4) | 85(17.3) | 2.17(1.38–3.4) | 0.0008 | 39(17.6) | 65(19.5) | 1.1(0.71–1.6) | 0.66 | 59(15.5) | |
| High blood pressure | Yes | 337(47.3) | 238(48.4) | 2.4(1.8–3.1) | < 0.0001 | 99(44.8) | 186(55.9) | 1.23(0.94–1.6) | 0.11 | 151(39.7) |
| Not sure | 183(25.7) | 121(24.6) | 1.95(1.35–2.8) | 0.0004 | 62(28.1) | 56(16.8) | 0.44(0.30–0.64) | < 0.0001 | 127(33.4) | |
| No | 193(27.1) | 133(27.0) | 2.2(1.53–3.19) | < 0.0001 | 60(27.1) | 91(27.3) | 0.89(0.63–1.26) | 0.51 | 102(26.8) | |
| Smoking cigarettes | Yes | 320(44.9) | 223(45.3) | 2.29(1.7–3.05) | < 0.0001 | 97(43.9) | 180(54.1) | 1.28(0.98–1.6) | 0.06 | 140(36.8) |
| Sometime | 139(19.5) | 90(18.3) | 1.83(1.20–2.7) | 0.004 | 49(22.2) | 57(17.1) | 0.69(0.46––1.0) | 0.08 | 82(21.6) | |
| No | 254(35.6) | 179(36.4) | 2.38(1.7–3.2) | < 0.0001 | 75(33.9) | 96(28.8) | 0.60(0.44–0.82) | 0.001 | 158(41.6) | |
| Diabetes affect other body organs | Yes | 600(84.2) | 423(86.0) | 2.38(1.9–2.9) | < 0.0001 | 177(80.1) | 302(90.7) | 1.01(0.83–1.2) | 0.89 | 298(78.4) |
| No | 113(15.8) | 69(14.0) | 1.56(0.99–2.4) | 0.05 | 44(19.9) | 31(9.3) | 0.37(0.23–0.61) | 0.0001 | 82(21.6) | |
| Being overweight or obese | Yes | 651(91.3) | 449(91.3) | 2.2(1.8–2.7) | < 0.0001 | 202(91.4) | 309(92.8) | 0.90(0.74–1.0) | 0.29 | 342(90) |
| Not sure | 10(1.4) | 5(1.0) | 1.0(0.21–4.5) | 1 | 5(2.3) | 3(0.9) | 0.42(0.08–2.1) | 0.3 | 7(1.8) | |
| No | 52(7.3) | 38(7.7) | 2.71(1.31–5.5) | 0.006 | 14(6.3) | 21(6.3) | 0.67(0.34–1.32) | 0.25 | 31(8.2) | |
*No– Participants without a family history of DM were used as a reference;
** Low/No risk – participants with low or no risk of DM were used as a reference.