TABLE 3.
Effect of intervention and covariates on EPIC-26 domains and PROMIS depression in two-level mixed models
| Instrument | EPIC-26 | PROMIS | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Urinary incontinence | Urinary irritation | Bowel | Sexual | Hormonal | Depression | ||||||||||||||
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| Domain | Coef. (SE) | Z | p | Coef. (SE) | Z | p | Coef. (SE) | Z | p | Coef. (SE) | Z | p | Coef. (SE) | Z | p | Coef. (SE) | Z | p | |
| Intercept | 60.71 (8.39) | 7.24 | 0.000 | 63.27 (5.69) | 5.69 | 0.000 | 90.53 (7.33) | 12.36 | 0.000 | 26.74 (4.69) | 5.70 | 0.000 | 73.11 (4.71) | 15.51 | 0.000 | 50.5 (3.90) | 12.94 | 0.000 | |
| Intervention | |||||||||||||||||||
| CBSM versus HP | 6.47 (4.75) | 1.36 | 0.173 | 0.50 (2.95) | 0.17 | 0.865 | 5.17 (4.09) | 1.26 | 0.206 | −5.72 (2.47) | −2.31 | 0.021 | −0.70 (2.80) | −0.25 | 0.803 | 3.62 (1.72) | 2.11 | 0.035 | |
| Time | |||||||||||||||||||
| 6 months versus Baseline | 6.22 (3.25) | 1.91 | 0.056 | 8.68 (3.22) | 2.69 | 0.007 | 16.46 (3.39) | 4.86 | 0.000 | −0.97 (1.70) | −0.57 | 0.569 | 4.55 (2.24) | 2.04 | 0.042 | −4.61 (1.87) | −2.46 | 0.014 | |
| 12 months versus Baseline | 6.75 (3.88) | 1.74 | 0.082 | 7.02 (4.25) | 1.65 | 0.098 | 8.30 (4.68) | 1.77 | 0.076 | −3.01 (2.10) | −1.43 | 0.152 | 6.40 (2.35) | 2.72 | 0.007 | −4.57 (2.92) | −1.56 | 0.118 | |
| Intervention*Time | |||||||||||||||||||
| CBSM | |||||||||||||||||||
| 6 months versus Baseline | 7.58 (3.59) | 2.11 | 0.035 | 7.51 (3.30) | 2.28 | 0.023 | 14.66 (4.87) | 3.01 | 0.003 | −1.05 (1.70) | −0.62 | 0.537 | 5.41 (2.35) | 2.30 | 0.021 | −8.76 (1.67) | −5.25 | 0.000 | |
| 12 months versus 6 months. | −6.66 (3.85) | −1.73 | 0.084 | 1.52 (3.70) | 0.41 | 0.056 | 0.00 (4.97) | 0.00 | 1.00 | 1.02 (1.81) | 0.56 | 0.572 | 1.61 (2.52) | 0.64 | 0.524 | 1.71 (1.81) | 0.95 | 0.345 | |
| HP | |||||||||||||||||||
| 6 months versus Baseline | 6.22 (3.25) | 1.91 | 0.056 | 8.69 (3.22) | 2.69 | 0.007 | 16.46 (3.39) | 4.86 | 0.000 | −0.97 (1.70) | −0.57 | 0.569 | 4.55 (2.24) | 2.04 | 0.042 | −4.61 (1.87) | −2.46 | 0.014 | |
| 12 months versus 6 months. | 0.53 (3.57) | 0.15 | 0.882 | −1.67 (3.59) | −0.46 | 0.642 | −8.16 (4.16) | −1.96 | 0.050 | −2.04 (1.90) | −1.07 | 0.283 | 1.85 (2.42) | 0.76 | 0.445 | 0.04 (2.26) | 0.02 | 0.987 | |
| CBSM versus HP | |||||||||||||||||||
| at Baseline | 6.46 (4.75) | 1.36 | 0.173 | 0.50 (2.95) | 0.17 | 0.865 | 5.17 (4.09) | 1.26 | 0.206 | −5.73 (2.47) | −2.31 | 0.021 | −0.70 (2.80) | −0.25 | 0.803 | 3.62 (1.71) | 2.11 | 0.035 | |
| at 6 months. | 7.82 (5.21) | 1.50 | 0.133 | −0.68 (3.75) | −0.18 | 0.856 | 3.37 (5.30) | 0.64 | 0.525 | −5.81 (2.74) | −2.12 | 0.034 | 0.16 (2.96) | 0.05 | 0.957 | −0.53 (2.61) | −0.20 | 0.839 | |
| at 12 months. | −0.03 (0.03) | −1.00 | 0.316 | 2.51 (5.48) | 0.46 | 0.647 | 11.53 (6.82) | 1.69 | 0.091 | −2.74 (3.20) | −0.86 | 0.391 | −0.08 (3.10) | −0.03 | 0.979 | 1.14 (3.81) | 0.30 | 0.765 | |
| Age | −0.43 (0.28) | −1.54 | 0.123 | 0.00 (0.14) | 0.00 | 0.997 | 0.73 (0.23) | 3.13 | 0.002 | −0.13 (0.14) | −0.92 | 0.357 | 0.47 (0.14) | 3.41 | 0.001 | −0.52 (0.14) | −3.63 | 0.000 | |
| BMI | −0.03 (0.42) | −0.08 | 0.937 | 0.14 (0.22) | 0.64 | 0.524 | 0.03 (0.37) | 0.09 | 0.930 | 0.02 (0.24) | 0.08 | 0.938 | −0.37 (0.23) | −1.62 | 0.105 | 0.69 (0.21) | 3.25 | 0.001 | |
| Income (≥35k vs. <35k) | 1.18 (5.78) | 0.20 | 0.838 | −4.36 (3.73) | −1.17 | 0.242 | −4.20 (4.18) | −1.01 | 0.315 | 1.85 (2.98) | 0.62 | 0.534 | −5.19 (2.95) | −1.76 | 0.078 | −4.05 (3.55) | −1.14 | 0.254 | |
| Race (white vs. Black/Other) | 2.63 (4.87) | 0.54 | 0.590 | 0.77 (3.10) | 0.25 | 0.803 | 5.87 (4.17) | 1.41 | 0.159 | −5.54 (2.64) | −2.10 | 0.036 | −0.60 (2.57) | −0.23 | 0.816 | 8.53 (2.88) | 2.96 | 0.003 | |
| Metastasis (yes vs. no) | −3.58 (4.69) | −0.76 | 0.445 | 7.56 (2.60) | 2.90 | 0.004 | −2.73 (4.04) | −0.68 | 0.500 | −2.63 (2.58) | −1.02 | 0.308 | −0.15 (2.50) | −0.06 | 0.951 | −0.50 (1.78) | −0.28 | 0.779 | |
| ADT (yes vs. no) | 4.39 (3.97) | 1.11 | 0.269 | 3.98 (2.37) | 1.68 | 0.093 | −6.45 (2.87) | −2.25 | 0.025 | −0.11 (2.07) | −0.05 | 0.956 | −0.81 (2.01) | −0.40 | 0.688 | −0.45 (1.71) | −0.26 | 0.791 | |
| Radiation (yes vs. no) | 5.11 (3.21) | 1.59 | 0.112 | 0.19 (2.53) | 0.07 | 0.941 | −1.37 (3.59) | −0.39 | 0.703 | −0.90 (1.64) | −0.55 | 0.582 | −3.74 (2.03) | −1.84 | 0.065 | −0.90 (1.54) | −0.58 | 0.560 | |
| Chemotherapy (yes vs. no) | −4.77 (10.22) | −0.47 | 0.641 | −4.61 (6.92) | −0.67 | 0.505 | 11.67 (5.89) | 1.98 | 0.048 | 1.80 (5.21) | 0.35 | 0.730 | 8.05 (4.75) | 1.70 | 0.090 | −6.87 (3.04) | −2.26 | 0.024 | |
| Prostatectomy (yes vs. no) | −25.44 (5.56) | −4.58 | 0.000 | 5.76 (3.01) | 1.92 | 0.505 | −11.32 (4.19) | −2.70 | 0.007 | −4.66 (2.93) | −1.59 | 0.112 | 4.63 (2.92) | 1.59 | 0.113 | 2.20 (2.33) | 0.94 | 0.346 | |
| Years since diagnosis | 0.58 (0.47) | 1.22 | 0.222 | −0.42 (0.35) | −1.22 | 0.223 | 0.94 (0.42) | 2.23 | 0.026 | 0.02 (0.26) | 0.08 | 0.937 | −0.02 (0.28) | −0.07 | 0.947 | 0.42 (0.20) | 2.08 | 0.037 | |
| Charlson comorbidities index | −2.49 (1.72) | −1.45 | 0.146 | −0.64 (1.02) | −0.62 | 0.533 | −1.93 (1.10) | −1.76 | 0.079 | −0.87 (0.88) | −0.99 | 0.324 | −1.98 (0.83) | −2.39 | 0.017 | 2.68 (0.70) | 3.80 | 0.000 | |
| Time from baseline to intervention completion | −0.10 (1.86) | −0.06 | 0.956 | −1.59 (1.26) | −1.27 | 0.205 | −3.40 (1.53) | −2.22 | 0.026 | −0.13 (1.11) | −0.12 | 0.908 | −2.41 (1.05) | −2.31 | 0.021 | 0.17 (0.61) | 0.29 | 0.775 | |
Note: Reference categories in binary variables are listed second.
Abbreviations: ADT, androgen deprivation therapy; BMI, body mass index; CBSM, Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management; Coef, coefficient; EPIC, Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite; HP, Health Promotion; PROMIS, Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System; SD, standard deviation; SE, standard error.