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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging. 2022 Jul 18;7(12):1268–1279. doi: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2022.07.002

Figure 3.

Figure 3.

Questions and considerations for effective biomedical research on GAHTs. Summary for research questions and considerations presented in this review. Understanding GAHT requires understanding how GAHT affects certain brain functions (research question 1) and what factors affect GAHT to achieve beneficial outcomes for TNG individuals (research question 2). For researchers engaging in TNG-relevant research, it is important to properly engage with TNG communities in several ways: learning about TNG people outside of the immediate biological question, involving TNG individuals who are interested in participating, and supporting TNG people who wish to contribute. E2, estradiol; GAHT, gender-affirming hormone therapy; P4, progesterone; T, testosterone; TNG, transgender, nonbinary, and/or gender diverse.