3. Fortification profile of included studies per 100 grams of the condiment.
Study | Condiment | Fortification used (iron compound or unfortified condiment) | Elemental iron (mg) | Vitamin A (Retinol Equivalent)$ | Zinc (mg) | Folic acid (µg) | Vitamin B1 (thiamin) (mg) | Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) (mg) | Vitamin B3 (niacin) (mg) | Iodine (µg) | Calcium |
Comparison 1 (condiments/seasonings fortified with iron alone versus unfortified condiments/seasonings) | |||||||||||
Ballot 1989a (C) | Masala (curry powder) | NaFeEDTA | 140¥ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ |
unfortified masala | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ||
Chen 2005 (C) | soy sauce # | NaFeEDTA | 26.4 | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ |
unfortified soy sauce | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ||
Huo 2002 | soy sauce # | unfortified soy sauce | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ |
low‐NaFeEDTA | 112 | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ||
high‐NaFeEDTA | 448 | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ||
Longfils 2008 | fish sauce§ | NaFe‐EDTA | 81.9 | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ |
FeSO4+citrate | 81.9 | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ||
Unfortified fish sauce | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ||
Thuy 2003a | fish sauce§ | NaFeEDTA | 81.9 | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ |
unfortified fish sauce | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ||
Thuy 2005 (C) | fish sauce§ | NaFeEDTA | 41 | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ |
unfortified fish sauce | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ||
Comparison 2 (condiments/seasonings fortified with iron with other micronutrients versus condiments/seasonings fortified with same micronutrients without iron) | |||||||||||
Andersson 2008 | salt | micronized ground ferric pyrophosphate (MGFePP) | 200 | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | 3000 | ‐‐ |
encapsulated ferrous fumarate (EFF) as EFF mix (EFF, soy stearine, titanium dioxide, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose + sodium hexa metaphosphate) | 200 | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | 3000 | ‐‐ | ||
unfortified salt | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | 3000 | ‐‐ | ||
Asibey‐Berko 2007 | salt | ferrous fumarate + weekly placebo | 100 | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | 5000 | ‐‐ |
ferrous fumarate + weekly 70mg iron supplement | 100 | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | 5000 | ‐‐ | ||
unfortified salt + weekly placebo | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | 5000 | ‐‐ | ||
Chen Ke 2008 | seasoning powder (as 2.5 g pouches) | unfortified seasoning powder | ‐‐ | 17440 | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ |
ferric sodium edentate | 480 | 17440 | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ||
ferric sodium edentate | 480 | 17440 | 480 | 8000 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | ‐‐ | 32000 (calcium carbonate) | ||
Haas 2014 | salt | microencapsulated ferrous fumarate + Iodate | 110 | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | 4700 (iodate) | ‐‐ |
Potassium iodate | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | 4700 (iodate) | ‐‐ | ||
Zimmermann 2002 | salt | microencapsulated ferrous sulphate with partially hydrogenated vegetable oil | 100 | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | 2500 | ‐‐ |
Potassium iodide (KI) | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | 2500 | ‐‐ | |||
Zimmermann 2004a | salt | micronised ferric pyrophosphate + Potassium iodate | 200 | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | 2500 | ‐‐ |
Potassium iodate | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | 2500 | ‐‐ | |||
Non‐randomised studies | |||||||||||
Nadiger 1980 | salt | ferric orthophosphate + sodium hydrogen sulphate |
100 | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ |
unfortified salt | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ||
Vinodkumar 2007 | salt | ferrous sulfate (chelated with malic acid and sodium hexa metaphosphate) and Potassium iodate | 100 | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | 4000 | ‐‐ |
Potassium iodate | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | 4000 | ‐‐ | ||
Wegmuller 2006 | Salt | micronized ground ferric pyrophosphate (FePP) | 300 | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ |
Potassium iodate | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ||
Working Group 1982 | salt | FePO4 withNaHSO4 | 100 | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | |
unfortified salt | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ | ‐‐ |
$ One international unit (IU) vitamin A is equivalent to 0.0003 mg of retinol, 0.0006 mg of beta‐carotene and 0.0012 mg of other pro‐vitamin A carotenoids. ¥ Equivalent to 25 umol of iron per gram of masala. # 100 ml of soy sauce is equivalent to 112 gram of soy sauce.§ 100 ml of fish sauce is equivalent to 122 grams of fish sauce